A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a child who has a new diagnosis of scabies.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Scabies causes clusters of non-pruritic blisters that crust within 7 days.
Prophylactic treatment is not recommended for household members.
Scabies eggs hatch 30 days after infection.
The infection is caused by a mite underneath the skin.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Scabies typically presents as intensely pruritic papules, vesicles, and burrows, rather than non-pruritic blisters. The characteristic itch is often worse at night and is caused by the mite’s burrowing and excretions under the skin, leading to a hypersensitivity reaction, and does not typically resolve with crusting within 7 days.
Choice B rationale
Prophylactic treatment for household members and close contacts is highly recommended to prevent re-infestation and control the spread of scabies. Even asymptomatic contacts can harbor mites and transmit the infection, making simultaneous treatment crucial for effective eradication and breaking the transmission cycle.
Choice C rationale
Scabies eggs typically hatch within 3 to 4 days after being laid by the female mite in the stratum corneum. The entire life cycle, from egg to adult, takes approximately 10 to 17 days. A 30-day incubation period for eggs is inaccurate and significantly longer than the actual biological process.
Choice D rationale
Scabies is caused by the microscopic mite *Sarcoptes scabiei* var. *hominis*, which burrows into the superficial layers of the epidermis. The female mite deposits eggs and feces within these burrows, leading to an intensely itchy hypersensitivity reaction in the host. This direct infestation causes the characteristic symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*. This gram-negative diplococcus primarily infects mucous membranes of the reproductive tract, mouth, and rectum, leading to symptoms like discharge and dysuria. It is not caused by a protozoan.
Choice B rationale
Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium *Chlamydia trachomatis*. This bacterium infects columnar epithelial cells, particularly in the genitourinary tract, often leading to asymptomatic infections or symptoms like urethritis and cervicitis. It is not a protozoal infection.
Choice C rationale
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the anaerobic flagellated protozoan parasite *Trichomonas vaginalis*. This microorganism infects the urogenital tract, leading to vaginitis in females and urethritis in males, characterized by symptoms like itching, burning, and discharge.
Choice D rationale
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the spirochete bacterium *Treponema pallidum*. This bacterium can disseminate throughout the body, causing a multi-stage disease with diverse clinical manifestations affecting skin, mucous membranes, and internal organs. It is not caused by a protozoan.
Correct Answer is ["42"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: Calculate the safe maximum dosage per day for the child. 7 mg/kg/day × 6 kg = 42 mg/day. The safe maximum dosage per day for this child is 42 mg.
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