A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions with a client who has hepatitis

Choice A reason: Telling the partner to call the nurse to push the button is not appropriate. PCA is designed to allow the client to self-administer pain medication based on their own perception of pain. Only the client should press the button to avoid the risk of over-sedation and respiratory depression.

Choice B reason: Encouraging the partner to press the button while the client is asleep can lead to over-medication and serious complications such as respiratory depression.

Choice C reason: Asking the partner why they think more medication is needed when the client is asleep does not address the underlying issue of inappropriate use of the PCA pump.

Choice D reason: The correct answer is d because the client should be the one to decide when more medication is needed. This ensures that the client receives the appropriate amount of pain relief based on their individual needs and prevents the risk of over-sedation.

Choice A reason: Russell's traction involves the use of a sling under the knee to apply a pulling force on the femur. This helps in aligning and stabilizing the fractured femur, allowing for proper healing. The sling supports the leg, while weights provide the necessary traction force.

Choice B reason: A cervical halter is used in cervical traction to relieve muscle spasms and align the cervical spine, not in Russell's traction. This type of traction is not related to treating femur fractures.

Choice C reason: A pelvic girdle belt is used in pelvic traction to relieve lower back pain and stabilize pelvic fractures, not in Russell's traction. Russell's traction specifically pertains to femur fractures.

Choice D reason: Skeletal pins are used in skeletal traction, where pins are inserted into the bone to apply direct traction. Russell's traction, however, does not use skeletal pins; it uses a sling and weights to apply traction.