A nurse is reinforcing teaching to the parents of a 2-month-old infant who has Down Syndrome. Which of the following statements addressing cognitive ability should the nurse reinforce?

A. The child's parents express concerns about seizure management during sleep, and the neurologist works to adjust the child's medication to decrease the incidence of nighttime seizures. This is an example of collaborative goal setting because the healthcare team listens to parental concerns and works together to modify treatment to improve the child’s seizure management. The neurologist, parents, and possibly the pediatrician are involved in decision-making, ensuring a team-based approach to care.

B. The child remains seizure-free after six months of taking a lower dosage of medication after a dose change by the provider. This is not collaborative goal setting because it describes an outcome rather than a team-based decision-making process. The provider adjusted the medication, but there is no mention of discussion or input from multiple members of the healthcare team or the child and parents.

C. The child expresses a desire to participate in a team sport at school, and the team determines which sports are safe and any necessary safety precautions with the child and parents. This is collaborative goal setting because it involves the child, parents, and healthcare team working together to find safe and appropriate activities. The discussion ensures that the child’s personal goals are supported while prioritizing their safety.

D. The nurse checks the child at each visit for mental health concerns and relays their assessment findings to the parents, child life specialist, and pediatrician. This is an example of collaborative care because the nurse shares important assessment findings with the interdisciplinary team. By involving the pediatrician and child life specialist, the team can address the child’s mental health in addition to their physical condition.

E. The child's parents receive suggestions about complementary therapies from a family member and begin using them for their own child. This is not an example of collaborative goal setting because the healthcare team was not involved in the decision-making process. Effective collaboration requires input from qualified professionals, ensuring that treatments are safe and evidence-based.

A. Allergic rhinitis. Allergic rhinitis is the most common allergic reaction in children, often triggered by environmental allergens such as pollen, dust mites, and pet dander. It presents with symptoms like sneezing, nasal congestion, runny nose, and itchy eyes, affecting a large number of children worldwide.

B. Systemic reaction. Systemic allergic reactions, which affect multiple organ systems, are less common than localized reactions such as allergic rhinitis. They are more severe but do not occur as frequently in children as mild to moderate allergic responses.

C. Hives. Hives (urticaria) are a common allergic skin reaction, often triggered by food, medications, or insect stings. However, while common, they occur less frequently than allergic rhinitis, which is a more persistent condition.

D. Anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a severe and life-threatening allergic reaction, but it is relatively rare compared to allergic rhinitis. It requires immediate medical intervention and is most commonly triggered by food allergies, insect stings, or medications.