A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a caregiver of a 2-month-old infant about developmentally appropriate toys. which of the following toys should the nurse include in the teaching?

Airborne precautions (Anticipated): Tuberculosis is an airborne disease, requiring negative pressure isolation, N95 respirators, and airborne precautions to prevent transmission.

Rifampin (Anticipated): A key first-line TB medication that inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis. It is part of the standard RIPE (Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol) regimen.

Contact precautions (Contraindicated): TB does not spread via direct contact, so contact precautions (gloves, gowns) are unnecessary unless the client has open wounds with drainage.

Isoniazid (Anticipated): A primary anti-TB drug that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis, crucial for treating active and latent TB infections.

Monthly TB skin test for 1 year (Contraindicated): Once TB is diagnosed, routine Mantoux tests are unnecessary, as they will likely remain positive due to prior exposure.

Pyrazinamide (Anticipated): A bactericidal TB medication used in the intensive phase of treatment to shorten therapy duration.

Ethambutol (Anticipated): Used to prevent drug resistance in TB treatment. Regular eye exams are needed due to the risk of optic neuritis.

A) Irregular heart rate: An irregular heart rate is a key manifestation of hyperkalemia. Elevated potassium levels can interfere with the normal electrical activity of the heart, leading to arrhythmias, which can cause an irregular heart rate. In severe cases, hyperkalemia can lead to life-threatening cardiac events such as ventricular fibrillation or asystole.

B) Dry mucous membrane: Dry mucous membranes are more commonly associated with dehydration, not hyperkalemia. Dehydration can cause fluid volume depletion, which leads to dry mouth and other signs of insufficient hydration. While renal failure can lead to fluid balance issues, dry mucous membranes are not typically linked to elevated potassium levels.

C) Trousseau's sign: Trousseau's sign is a clinical indicator of hypocalcemia, not hyperkalemia. It is a spasm of the hand and wrist that occurs when a blood pressure cuff is inflated above systolic pressure for several minutes. This sign suggests low calcium levels, and while calcium imbalance can occur in renal failure, it is unrelated to hyperkalemia.

D) Hyperactive reflexes: Hyperactive reflexes are more commonly associated with conditions like hypocalcemia, rather than hyperkalemia. In hyperkalemia, the typical findings include muscle weakness or paralysis due to the effect of potassium on muscle and nerve function, but hyperactive reflexes would not be expected.