1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about reducing dietary caffeine intake. The nurse should remind the client that 240 mL (8 oz) of which of the following beverages contains the least amount of caffeine?
   1. Brewed green tea
   2. Hot cocoa
   3. Instant coffee

Cola soft drink

Explanation

A. Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate

A. Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a non-specific marker of inflammation in the body. In the presence of an infection, the ESR tends to rise due to increased levels of acute-phase reactants, such as fibrinogen and globulins. However, it is important to note that an increased ESR alone does not diagnose a specific infection but rather indicates the presence of inflammation or infection.

Decreased platelets in (option B) should not be included because they are not typically associated with infection. Low platelet levels (thrombocytopenia) may occur due to various reasons, such as certain medications, immune disorders, or bone marrow problems, but they are not directly linked to infections.

Increased iron level in (option C) should not be included because it is not a typical finding in an active infection. In fact, during an infection, iron levels tend to decrease in response to the body's efforts to withhold iron from pathogens, as most microorganisms require iron for their growth and survival.

Decreased haemoglobin in (option D) should not be included because it is not directly indicative of an infection. A decrease in hemoglobin levels may be associated with conditions such as anaemia, blood loss, or certain chronic diseases, but it is not a specific marker for infection.

Case management can be beneficial in situations involving assault to help coordinate and provide ongoing support and resources for the client. This intervention is appropriate in this scenario.

Ensuring a safe and private environment is crucial to protect the client's confidentiality and provide a supportive atmosphere during this difficult time. This intervention is necessary. Since the client reports being assaulted and has sore genitals, it is important to consider the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Administering STI prophylaxis can help prevent potential infections.

The client may benefit from additional support services such as counseling or support groups. Providing resources for local support services can help the client access the necessary help and support they need.

Contacting children and youth services is not applicable in this scenario as the client is a full-time college student and not a child or youth.

While the client mentioned drinking, it is not explicitly stated that they have an alcohol addiction or problem. Therefore, providing resources for Alcoholics Anonymous may not be the most appropriate intervention at this time.