1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about reducing dietary caffeine intake. The nurse should remind the client that 240 mL (8 oz) of which of the following beverages contains the least amount of caffeine?
   1. Brewed green tea
   2. Hot cocoa
   3. Instant coffee

Cola soft drink

Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is known to have potential ototoxicity, which means it can cause damage to the inner ear and result in hearing loss. It is important for the nurse to monitor the client's hearing during gentamicin therapy and report any changes or symptoms of hearing loss promptly. Other adverse effects of gentamicin may include nephrotoxicity (kidney damage), so monitoring renal function is also essential.

Hypotension, constipation, and slurred speech are not typically associated with gentamicin use. However, it is important for the nurse to monitor the client for any adverse effects and report any concerning symptoms to the healthcare provider.

Explanation

A. Placement of a central venous catheter

Informed consent is a legal and ethical requirement that ensures clients have the necessary information to make autonomous decisions about their healthcare. The healthcare provider must obtain informed consent before performing any procedure that carries potential risks or benefits. Here's why the other options do not typically require informed consent:

Administration of an iron injection using Z-track technique in (option B) is not correct because, while informed consent may be required for administering certain medications or injections, the specific technique used, such as the Z-track technique, typically does not require separate informed consent. The Z-track technique is a method used to prevent leakage of the medication into subcutaneous tissues during injection.

Insertion of a nasogastric tube in (option C) is not correct because Insertion of a nasogastric tube is a common procedure performed to access the stomach or administer medications or nutrients. Informed consent is generally not required for nasogastric tube insertion as it is considered a routine procedure and is often included as part of the overall plan of care.

Irrigation of a wound with antibiotic solution in (option D) is not correct because wound irrigation is a standard procedure in wound care, and the use of an antibiotic solution may be part of the healthcare provider's prescribed treatment plan. Informed consent is typically not required for wound irrigation unless there are specific circumstances or risks associated with the procedure.

In summary, the nurse should identify that informed consent is required for A: Placement of a central venous catheter. This procedure involves the insertion of a catheter into a major blood vessel and carries potential risks and complications that require informed consent to ensure the client's understanding and agreement before proceeding