A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for lithotripsy about conditions that can contribute to the formation of renal calculi. Which of the following conditions should the nurse include?

Obesity.

Dehydration.

Iron deficiency.

Protein in the urine.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
Obesity is not a direct cause of renal calculi. However, it can be a risk factor due to associated conditions such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and hypertension, which can contribute to stone formation. Weight management and a healthy lifestyle can help reduce the risk of kidney stones.
Choice B rationale
Dehydration is a significant risk factor for the formation of renal calculi. When the body is dehydrated, the urine becomes concentrated, leading to the crystallization of minerals and the formation of stones. Adequate hydration is essential in preventing kidney stones by diluting the urine and reducing the concentration of stone-forming substances.
Choice C rationale

Iron deficiency is not associated with the formation of renal calculi. Iron deficiency primarily affects red blood cell production and can lead to anemia. It does not contribute to the crystallization of minerals in the urine or the formation of kidney stones.
Choice D rationale
Protein in the urine, or proteinuria, is not a direct cause of renal calculi. Proteinuria is often a sign of kidney damage or disease but does not lead to stone formation. The presence of protein in the urine should be evaluated to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Urine specific gravity of 1.020 is within the normal range (1.005 to 1.030). This indicates that the urine concentration is normal and does not suggest any abnormality that needs to be reported.
Choice B rationale
Microscopic hematuria refers to the presence of red blood cells in the urine, which is not visible to the naked eye. This finding can indicate a urinary tract infection, kidney stones, or other renal pathology and should be reported to the provider for further evaluation.
Choice C rationale
Amber yellow urine color is considered normal and does not indicate any pathology. The color of urine can vary depending on hydration status and does not necessarily indicate a problem.
Choice D rationale

The absence of glucose in the urine is a normal finding. The presence of glucose in the urine would indicate glycosuria, which is often associated with diabetes mellitus.

A. Serve cooked fruit with meals. B. Report temperatures greater than 39.5°C (102.3°F) lasting more than 4 hours. C. Place the client in a room with negative-pressure airflow. D. Instruct client to use an incentive spirometer every 4 hours.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Serving cooked fruit with meals is an appropriate intervention for a client with a low WBC count after chemotherapy. Cooking fruit helps eliminate potential pathogens, reducing the risk of infection.
Choice B rationale
Reporting temperatures greater than 39.5°C (102.3°F) lasting more than 4 hours is not appropriate. A lower threshold for fever should be used, as even a slight increase in temperature can indicate infection in immunocompromised clients.
Choice C rationale
Placing the client in a room with negative-pressure airflow is not necessary for clients with low WBC counts. This intervention is typically used for clients with airborne infections.
Choice D rationale
Instructing the client to use an incentive spirometer every 4 hours is beneficial for lung health but does not directly address the risk of infection associated with low WBC counts.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for lithotripsy about conditions that can contribute to the formation of renal calculi. Which of the following conditions should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

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