A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Elevated creatinine.
Decreased urine specific gravity.
Hypokalemia.
Decreased BUN.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Elevated creatinine is a common finding in clients with chronic kidney disease due to decreased renal function and impaired clearance of creatinine from the blood.
Choice B rationale
Decreased urine specific gravity is not typically associated with chronic kidney disease. Clients with chronic kidney disease may have an increased or normal urine specific gravity.
Choice C rationale
Hypokalemia is not a typical finding in chronic kidney disease. Clients with chronic kidney disease are more likely to have hyperkalemia due to impaired renal excretion of potassium.
Choice D rationale
Decreased BUN (blood urea nitrogen) is not expected in chronic kidney disease. Elevated BUN levels are more common due to reduced renal clearance of urea.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Warm extremities are not typically associated with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD usually results in reduced blood flow, leading to cooler extremities.
Choice B rationale
Darkened skin color near extremities is more commonly associated with venous insufficiency rather than PAD. PAD typically causes pale or bluish skin due to reduced blood flow.
Choice C rationale
Intermittent claudication, which is pain or cramping in the legs during exercise that subsides with rest, is a hallmark symptom of PAD. It occurs due to reduced blood flow to the muscles during activity.
Choice D rationale
Edema is more commonly associated with venous insufficiency or heart failure rather than PAD. PAD typically causes reduced blood flow, not fluid accumulation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
COPD is incorrect. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory condition and is not a risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs). UTIs are typically caused by bacterial infections in the urinary tract.
Choice B rationale
Anemia is incorrect. Anemia is a condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin. It is not a direct risk factor for UTIs. UTIs are primarily caused by bacterial infections.
Choice C rationale
Diabetes mellitus is correct. Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for UTIs. High blood sugar levels can create an environment that promotes bacterial growth in the urinary tract. Additionally, individuals with diabetes may have impaired immune function, making them more susceptible to infections.
Choice D rationale
Osteoporosis is incorrect. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weakened bones and an increased risk of fractures. It is not a risk factor for UTIs. UTIs are primarily caused by bacterial infections in the urinary tract.
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