A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a middle-aged client about hypertension. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Set your goal body weight within 25% of your ideal body weight.
Limit alcohol consumption to two drinks a day for men and one drink a day for women when hypertensive.
Plan to lower sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg each day.
Plan to have potassium blood levels checked when taking thiazide diuretics.
None
None
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason : Setting a goal body weight within 25% of the ideal body weight can be misleading. The ideal body weight should be determined based on body mass index (BMI), considering the individual's height and weight. A BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 is considered normal.
Choice B reason : This is a general guideline for alcohol consumption, but for individuals with hypertension, it is often recommended to limit alcohol intake even further to help manage blood pressure
Choice C reason : This is a key recommendation for managing hypertension. Reducing sodium intake helps lower blood pressure and is a widely accepted guideline
Choice D reason : Monitoring potassium levels is crucial when taking thiazide diuretics because these medications can decrease potassium levels in the blood, leading to hypokalemia.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason : The statement that warfarin dissolves clots in the bloodstream is incorrect. Warfarin does not dissolve existing clots. Instead, it is an anticoagulant that works by decreasing the production of certain clotting factors in the blood, which helps prevent the formation of new clots.
Choice B reason : This statement is not accurate regarding the action of warfarin. Warfarin does not affect the electrical impulses of the heart. Medications that slow the response of the ventricles to fast atrial impulses are typically antiarrhythmic drugs, not anticoagulants like warfarin.
Choice C reason : This is the correct statement. Warfarin is prescribed for clients with atrial fibrillation to reduce the risk of stroke. Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of forming blood clots in the heart, which can then travel to the brain, causing a stroke. Warfarin's anticoagulant effect helps to prevent these clots from forming.
Choice D reason : Warfarin does not help maintain a normal heart rhythm. It is not an antiarrhythmic drug but an anticoagulant. The purpose of warfarin in atrial fibrillation is to prevent stroke by reducing the risk of clot formation, not to correct the heart rhythm.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason : A low sodium diet is often prescribed for patients with heart conditions to help manage blood pressure and fluid retention. It is not typically something that would need to be questioned in the context of recent pacemaker surgery.
Choice B reason : Checking serum cardiac enzyme levels is a common practice after heart surgery to monitor for any signs of damage to the heart muscle. This would not typically be questioned unless there were specific contraindications for the patient.
Choice C reason : An MRI of the chest should be questioned because MRI machines use strong magnetic fields that can interfere with the functioning of a pacemaker. Unless the pacemaker is specifically labeled as MRI-safe, this type of imaging could be dangerous for the patient.
Choice D reason : Physical therapy is a standard part of recovery after many types of surgery, including pacemaker insertion, to help the patient regain strength and mobility. It would not typically be questioned unless the patient had specific restrictions.
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