A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a middle adult female client who has fibrocystic breast disease. The nurse should emphasize to the client that manifestations of this disease are present at which of the following times?
During cold weather
Before menstruation begins
After menstruation ends
During hot weather
The Correct Answer is B
A. During cold weather: Weather conditions do not typically affect the manifestations of fibrocystic breast disease.
B. Before menstruation begins: Manifestations of fibrocystic breast disease, such as breast pain and lumpiness, tend to occur or worsen in the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle.
C. After menstruation ends: Manifestations of fibrocystic breast disease are typically most prominent before menstruation rather than after it ends.
D. During hot weather: Weather conditions do not typically affect the manifestations of fibrocystic breast disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Decreased serum albumin is not typically associated with hemolysis; it may occur in conditions such as liver disease or malnutrition.
B. Jaundice, or yellowing of the skin and eyes, is a common manifestation of hemolysis due to the increased production of bilirubin from the breakdown of red blood cells.
C. Increased serum bilirubin levels occur as a result of hemolysis, contributing to the development of jaundice.
D. Increased bilirubin is essentially the same as increased serum bilirubin; both indicate the presence of jaundice due to hemolysis.
E. Presence of dark urine is also characteristic of hemolysis, as it may contain excess bilirubin, giving it a darker color.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This response accurately describes the pathophysiology of sickle cell crisis. During a crisis, sickled red blood cells clump together, leading to microvascular occlusion and impaired blood flow to tissues, resulting in pain.
B. Bleeding in the joints is not a characteristic feature of sickle cell crisis. It may occur in other conditions such as hemophilia or osteoarthritis but not in sickle cell crisis.
C. Disturbance in cellular metabolism is not the primary mechanism underlying the pain experienced during sickle cell crisis.
D. Bone marrow expansion with sickled cells may contribute to bone pain in sickle cell disease, but it is not the primary cause of pain during a sickle cell crisis.
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