What is the primary pathophysiological process that occurs in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Decreased production of clotting factors

Impaired platelet function

Excessive activation of clotting factors and widespread clot formation

Excessive platelet production

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   DIC is not characterized by decreased production of clotting factors. Instead, it involves consumption of clotting factors due to widespread activation of coagulation.
B.   While platelet dysfunction may occur in DIC due to consumption and depletion of platelets, the primary pathophysiological process in DIC is the activation of clotting factors and formation of blood clots throughout the vasculature.
C.   Excessive activation of clotting factors and widespread clot formation is the primary pathophysiological process in DIC. This leads to the formation of numerous small blood clots throughout the body's blood vessels, resulting in organ dysfunction and potentially life-threatening complications.

D. Excessive platelet production is not a characteristic feature of DIC. Instead, platelets are consumed and depleted as they are incorporated into the blood clots formed during the
coagulation cascade in DIC.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Prolonged bleeding or easy bruising is a characteristic feature of hemophilia, a genetic
disorder characterized by deficient or defective blood clotting proteins, leading to impaired blood clotting and prolonged bleeding after injury or trauma.
B. Excessive blood clotting is not a characteristic feature of hemophilia; rather, it is the opposite.
Hemophilia is characterized by a deficiency in clotting factors, which results in impaired clot formation.
C. Hemophilia does not typically result in increased platelet count. Platelets are involved in the initial stages of blood clotting, but hemophilia primarily affects clotting factor proteins.
D. Delayed wound healing is not a characteristic feature of hemophilia. Hemophilia primarily affects blood clotting, leading to prolonged bleeding, but it does not directly affect wound
healing processes.

A. Multiple hospitalizations for COPD B. Concurrent treatment for GERD C. History of dermatitis D. History of breast cancer

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Multiple hospitalizations for COPD are not a direct contraindication for HRT, although respiratory health should be monitored.
B. Concurrent treatment for GERD is not a contraindication for HRT.
C. History of dermatitis does not contraindicate the use of HRT.
D. History of breast cancer is a significant contraindication for HRT due to the potential for hormone therapy to stimulate the growth of hormone-sensitive cancer cells.

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What is the primary pathophysiological process that occurs in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of hemophilia?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing menopausal symptoms and requests information about hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Which of the following items in the client's health history is a contraindication for hormone replacement therapy?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who is to undergo a breast biopsy by needle aspiration. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

A pediatric nurse health educator provides a teaching session to the nursing staff regarding hemophilia. Which of the following information regarding this disorder would the nurse plan to include in this discussion?

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