A nurse is reviewing pharmacokinetic principles. Which of the following factors most significantly affects the distribution of drugs in the body?
The Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
Renal function
Gastric pH
Blood flow
The Correct Answer is D
A. The Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System: This system plays a major role in drug metabolism, particularly in the liver, but it does not significantly affect drug distribution. Its primary influence is on the biotransformation of drugs into active or inactive metabolites.
B. Renal function: Renal function primarily affects drug excretion. Impaired kidney function can lead to drug accumulation and toxicity but has a minimal direct effect on the distribution of drugs throughout tissues and organs.
C. Gastric pH: Gastric pH influences drug absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, especially for pH-sensitive drugs. However, it plays little to no role in the actual distribution of the drug once it enters systemic circulation.
D. Blood flow: Blood flow is the most significant factor affecting drug distribution. Highly perfused organs like the brain, liver, and kidneys receive drugs more quickly and in higher concentrations than poorly perfused tissues, influencing the onset and intensity of drug action.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Dry Cough: A dry cough is not typically associated with salicylate toxicity. It is more commonly seen in conditions like ACE inhibitor use, respiratory infections, or asthma, and does not help distinguish salicylate overdose.
B. Xanthopsia (Yellow Vision): This visual disturbance is more classically linked to digoxin toxicity, not salicylates. Patients experiencing digoxin toxicity may report seeing halos or yellow-tinted vision, but this is not seen with aspirin overdose.
C. Moon Facies: This refers to a rounded facial appearance typically caused by chronic corticosteroid use and is a hallmark of Cushingoid features, not salicylate toxicity.
D. Tinnitus: Ringing in the ears (tinnitus) is a classic early symptom of salicylate toxicity. It often precedes more serious effects like metabolic acidosis, hyperventilation, confusion, and even seizures. It serves as an important clinical clue when assessing patients with possible aspirin overdose.
Correct Answer is ["0.5"]
Explanation
Desired dose = 250 mg
The medication label for Chlorzoxazone Tablets, USP states: 500 mg per tablet.
- Determine the number of tablets needed:
Number of tablets = Desired dose / Dose per tablet
= 250 mg / 500 mg/tablet
= 0.5 tablet
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