A nurse is reviewing the EKG strip of a client who has End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and has missed hemodialysis. Which of the following abnormalities on the client's EKG should the nurse interpret as a sign of hyperkalemia?

Prolonged P-R interval

Peaked T waves

Elevated ST segment

Inverted P wave

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Prolonged P-R interval: A prolonged P-R interval may indicate an atrioventricular (AV) block or conduction delay, but it is not specifically associated with hyperkalemia.

B. Peaked T waves: Peaked T waves are a classic EKG finding in hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia can affect cardiac repolarization, leading to tall, peaked T waves on the EKG.

C. Elevated ST segment: An elevated ST segment may indicate myocardial injury or ischemia but is not typically associated with hyperkalemia.

D. Inverted P wave: An inverted P wave may indicate atrial enlargement or conduction abnormalities but is not specifically associated with hyperkalemia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hypokalemia: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works by increasing urinary excretion of sodium, chloride, and water, which can lead to potassium loss. Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte imbalance associated with the use of loop diuretics like furosemide. Potassium depletion can cause various complications, including cardiac dysrhythmias, muscle weakness, and fatigue.

B. Hypocalcemia: Furosemide does not directly affect calcium levels, so hypocalcemia is not a common electrolyte imbalance associated with its use.

C. Hypernatremia: Furosemide promotes the excretion of sodium, so hypernatremia (elevated serum sodium levels) is not typically a concern with its use.

D. Hyperkalemia: Furosemide can cause potassium loss, so hyperkalemia is not a risk associated with its use.

A. "I will be placing electrodes on your breasts." B. "I will lower the head of your bed so you can lie flat." C. "Relax and try not to move or speak once I have attached the gel pads." D. "Try to hold your breath until this procedure is complete."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "I will be placing electrodes on your breasts": This statement is incorrect and may cause unnecessary concern or discomfort for the client. Electrodes for a 12-lead electrocardiogram are typically placed on the chest, not the breasts.

B. "I will lower the head of your bed so you can lie flat": This statement may be relevant for certain procedures but is not specific to applying electrode gel pads for a 12-lead electrocardiogram.

C. "Relax and try not to move or speak once I have attached the gel pads": This instruction is essential for obtaining a clear and accurate electrocardiogram recording. Movement or talking during the procedure can interfere with the quality of the tracing.

D. "Try to hold your breath until this procedure is complete": This instruction is unnecessary and could cause discomfort or anxiety for the client. There is no need for the client to hold their breath during a standard electrocardiogram procedure.

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A nurse is reviewing the EKG strip of a client who has End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and has missed hemodialysis. Which of the following abnormalities on the client's EKG should the nurse interpret as a sign of hyperkalemia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking furosemide (Lasix) daily to treat heart failure. The nurse recognizes that the client is at risk for which electrolyte imbalance?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to perform a 12-lead electrocardiogram. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client while applying the electrode gel pads?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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