A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has liver failure with ascites. The client takes spironolactone. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of themedication?

Serum chloride 99 mEq/L

Serum calcium 10.5 mg/dL

Serum potassium 5.2

Serum sodium 140 mEq/L.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

a. Serum chloride 99 mEq/L: Serum chloride within the reference range is not an adverse effect of spironolactone.

b. Serum calcium 10.5 mg/dL: Serum calcium within the reference range is not an adverse effect of spironolactone.

c. Serum potassium 5.2: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and an elevated serum potassium level is an adverse effect that requires monitoring. The nurse should assess for

hyperkalemia.

d. Serum sodium 140 mEq/L: Serum sodium within the reference range is not an adverse effect of spironolactone.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

a. Ineffective airway clearance: This is the priority as it addresses the immediate threat to the client's respiratory status. Accumulation of thick, copious secretions can lead to airway

obstruction and respiratory distress.

b. Malnourishment: While important, addressing malnourishment is not an immediate

postoperative priority. The client may receive nutrition through alternative means until normal swallowing function is restored.

c. High risk for infection: Infection is a concern, but ensuring airway clearance takes precedence in the immediate postoperative period.

d. Impaired verbal communication: Verbal communication is important, but it is not as immediate a concern as ensuring the airway is clear to prevent respiratory compromise.

A. Begin oxygen therapy. B. Start an IV infusion of lactated Ringer’s. C. Initiate cardiac monitoring. D. Administer IV morphine.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

a. Begin oxygen therapy: Oxygen therapy is the priority intervention for a client with a pulmonary embolism to improve oxygenation and prevent hypoxemia.

b. Start an IV infusion of lactated Ringer’s: While fluid resuscitation may be needed, oxygen therapy takes precedence to address the immediate respiratory compromise.

c. Initiate cardiac monitoring: Cardiac monitoring is important, but addressing oxygenation is the priority in a client with a pulmonary embolism.

d. Administer IV morphine: Pain management may be necessary, but the priority is to address the respiratory distress and potential hypoxemia associated with a pulmonary embolism.

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