A nurse is reviewing the medical record for a client who is to begin therapy for DKA. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse expect?
Rapidly administer an IV infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride
Administer an IV infusion of Insulin Glargine at 3 units/kg/hr
Add glucose to the IV infusion when blood glucose is 350 mg/dL
Administer a slow IV infusion of 3% sodium chloride
The Correct Answer is A
A. Patients with DKA are severely dehydrated due to osmotic diuresis caused by hyperglycemia. Rapid fluid resuscitation with normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride) is crucial to correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
B. Insulin Glargine is a long-acting insulin not suitable for acute management of DKA. Rapid-acting insulin, such as regular insulin, is used in an IV infusion.
C. Glucose is not added to the IV infusion during the initial phase of DKA treatment. The focus is on correcting fluid and electrolyte imbalances and lowering blood glucose with insulin.
D. 3% sodium chloride is a hypertonic solution used in specific circumstances, not for initial fluid resuscitation in DKA.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While the patient may experience pain, it is not the immediate priority. The primary concern is the possibility of the opioid effects returning, leading to respiratory depression.
B. Patient education is important, but it should be done after the patient is stable and out of immediate danger.
C. Building rapport is important, but the patient's immediate physiological needs take precedence.
D. Naloxone has a short half-life, meaning its effects can wear off before the opioid does. The patient needs to be closely monitored for signs of returning respiratory depression, which can be fatal.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Symptoms of DVT typically include pain, swelling, and redness in the affected leg, not sweating and tachycardia.
B. Given the patient's NPO status since midnight, the prolonged fasting coupled with the stress of surgery can lead to low blood sugar. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include sweating, tachycardia, and hunger.
C. Symptoms of hyperglycemia usually include increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue, not sweating and tachycardia.
D. While anxiety can cause some physical symptoms, sweating and tachycardia are more characteristic of hypoglycemia in this context.
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