A nurse is reviewing the medical record for a client who is to begin therapy for DKA. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse expect?
Rapidly administer an IV infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride
Administer an IV infusion of Insulin Glargine at 3 units/kg/hr
Add glucose to the IV infusion when blood glucose is 350 mg/dL
Administer a slow IV infusion of 3% sodium chloride
The Correct Answer is A
A. Patients with DKA are severely dehydrated due to osmotic diuresis caused by hyperglycemia. Rapid fluid resuscitation with normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride) is crucial to correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
B. Insulin Glargine is a long-acting insulin not suitable for acute management of DKA. Rapid-acting insulin, such as regular insulin, is used in an IV infusion.
C. Glucose is not added to the IV infusion during the initial phase of DKA treatment. The focus is on correcting fluid and electrolyte imbalances and lowering blood glucose with insulin.
D. 3% sodium chloride is a hypertonic solution used in specific circumstances, not for initial fluid resuscitation in DKA.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. This is unrelated to acanthosis nigricans. Darkened urine might indicate liver issues or other conditions.
B. This is an increased heart rate, unrelated to skin conditions.
C. This refers to the colored part of the eye and is unrelated to acanthosis nigricans.
D. This is accurately describes the appearance of acanthosis nigricans. This is characterized by dark, thickened, velvety patches of skin in body folds and creases. These areas commonly include the armpits, groin, and neck.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is not directly related to LDL (low-density lipoprotein) levels, which are typically associated with cardiovascular health rather than T1DM.
B. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is not associated with waist size or ethnicity. Waist size and ethnicity are more relevant to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, which is influenced by lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise.
C. ADH (antidiuretic hormone) primarily regulates water balance in the body and is not directly related to the pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
D. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is indeed an autoimmune disorder. It is caused by the immune system mistakenly attacking insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Genetic factors play a significant role in predisposing individuals to T1DM, and while stress may exacerbate symptoms, it is not the primary cause.
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