A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client.

Exhibits

Drag words from the choices below to fill in each blank in the following sentence.

The client is at risk for developing

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and

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.

Choice A reason:

Socioeconomic stressors are related to an individual's social and economic position and can include factors such as poverty, unemployment, and lack of access to resources. Homelessness is often directly associated with socioeconomic issues, as it can be a result of financial hardship, lack of affordable housing, and insufficient social support systems.

Choice B reason:

Cultural stressors involve the stress that comes from navigating different cultural norms and expectations. While homelessness can be influenced by cultural factors, such as societal attitudes towards poverty, the stress related to homelessness itself is more accurately categorized under socioeconomic stressors rather than cultural ones.

Choice C reason:

Developmental stressors are those that occur as part of the normal process of growth and development, such as adolescence or aging. Homelessness is not inherently a developmental issue, although it can impact individuals at any stage of their development.

Choice D reason:

Adventitious stressors are unexpected and arise from events that are not part of everyday life, such as natural disasters or accidents. While homelessness can sometimes result from such events, it is more commonly linked to ongoing socioeconomic challenges rather than sudden, adventitious occurrences.

Choice A Reason:

Being very religious and attending services twice a week is generally considered a protective factor against suicide. Religious involvement often provides a sense of community, support, and purpose, which can help mitigate feelings of isolation and hopelessness. Studies have shown that individuals who are actively involved in religious activities tend to have lower rates of suicide compared to those who are not. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a risk for suicide.

Choice B Reason:

The statement "His cousin committed suicide a few weeks ago" is a significant risk factor for suicide. Exposure to suicide, especially within the family, can increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in adolescents. This phenomenon, known as suicide contagion or the "Werther effect," suggests that individuals who are close to someone who has died by suicide are at a higher risk of attempting suicide themselves². The emotional impact of losing a loved one to suicide can lead to feelings of grief, guilt, and hopelessness, which are strong predictors of suicidal behavior.

Choice C Reason:

Sleeping 9 hours each night for the past 2 years is within the normal range for adolescents. According to the National Sleep Foundation, teenagers aged 14-17 years typically need 8-10 hours of sleep per night. Consistent sleep patterns are generally a sign of good mental and physical health. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a risk for suicide.

Choice D Reason:

Spending much of his time with his two school friends suggests that the adolescent has a social support network, which is a protective factor against suicide. Social connections and friendships can provide emotional support, reduce feelings of loneliness, and increase a sense of belonging. Adolescents with strong social ties are less likely to experience severe depression and suicidal ideation. Hence, this statement does not indicate a risk for suicide.