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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a fluid volume deficit.
The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

Urine specific gravity 1.020.

Urine output 15 mL/hr.

Hct 43%.

BUN 12 mg/dL.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Urine specific gravity 1.020 is within the normal range (1.005-1.030), so it does not indicate fluid volume deficit.

Choice B rationale:

Urine output 15 mL/hr is less than the normal minimum of 30 mL/hr, indicating fluid volume deficit.

Choice C rationale:

Hct 43% is within the normal range (38.8-50.0 for men, 34.9-44.5 for women), so it does not indicate fluid volume deficit.

Choice D rationale:

BUN 12 mg/dL is within the normal range (7-20 mg/dL), so it does not indicate fluid volume deficit.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Metabolic acidosis would likely present with rapid, deep breathing (Kussmaul respirations), not slow and shallow breathing.

Choice B rationale:

The client’s symptoms of vomiting (which can cause a loss of stomach acid), dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in the extremities and around the mouth are consistent with metabolic alkalosis.

Choice C rationale:

Respiratory alkalosis would likely present with rapid breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.

Choice D rationale:

Respiratory acidosis would likely present with rapid, shallow breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.

A. Respiratory acidosis. B. Metabolic acidosis. C. Respiratory alkalosis. D. Metabolic alkalosis.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a high PaCO2 and a low pH. The client’s ABG results do not match this pattern.

Choice B rationale:

Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low HCO3 and a low pH. The client’s ABG results do not match this pattern.

Choice C rationale:

Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a low PaCO2 and a high pH. The client’s ABG results do not match this pattern.

Choice D rationale:

Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high HCO3 and a high pH. The client’s ABG results match this pattern. Normal values for pH, PaCO2, and HCO3 are 7.35-7.45, 35-45 mm Hg, and 22-26 mEq/L respectively.

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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a fluid volume deficit.The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a client.The client's ABGs are: pH: 7.6. PaCO2: 40 mm Hg. HCO3: 32 mEq/L. Which of the following acid-base conditions should the nurse identify the client is experiencing?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a fluid volume deficit.
The nurse should expect which of the following findings?