A nurse is reviewing the medical records of four pregnant women who are being screened for gestational diabetes.
Which of the following women has the highest risk factor for developing gestational diabetes?
A 32-year-old woman who is obese and has PCOS
A 28-year-old woman who is Asian and has a previous baby who weighed 4 kg (8.8 lb) at birth.
A 36-year-old woman who is Caucasian and has impaired glucose tolerance.
A 24-year-old woman who is Hispanic and has a parent with type 2 diabetes.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A. A 32-year-old woman who is obese and has PCOS.
This woman has two major risk factors for developing gestational diabetes: obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Obesity increases insulin resistance and PCOS is associated with hormonal imbalances that affect glucose metabolism.
Choice B is wrong because being Asian and having a previous baby who weighed 4 kg (8.8 lb) at birth are not as strong risk factors as obesity and PCOS. However, they do increase the risk slightly.
Choice C is wrong because being Caucasian and having impaired glucose tolerance are also not as strong risk factors as obesity and PCOS. Impaired glucose tolerance means that the blood sugar level is higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes.
Choice D is wrong because being Hispanic and having a parent with type 2 diabetes are also not as strong risk factors as obesity and PCOS. However, they do increase the risk slightly.
Normal ranges for blood glucose levels during pregnancy are:
• Fasting: less than 95 mg/dL
• One hour after meal: less than 140 mg/dL
• Two hours after meal: less than 120 mg/dL
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A. The nurse should monitor the woman’s blood glucose levels every hour during labor.This is because the maternal glucose level should be maintained between 4.0 and 6.0-7.0 mmol/L during labor to prevent neonatal hypoglycemia.
Choice B is wrong because monitoring every two hours may not be frequent enough to detect and correct any fluctuations in blood glucose levels.
Choice C is wrong because monitoring every four hours is too infrequent and may increase the risk of complications for the mother and the baby.
Choice D is wrong because monitoring every six hours is even more infrequent and may lead to poor outcomes.
Normal ranges for blood glucose levels during pregnancy are:
• Fasting or preprandial: < 95 mg/dL
• Postprandial (1 hour): < 140 mg/dL
• Postprandial (2 hours): < 120 mg/dL
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. The nurse should instruct the client to rotate injection sites to ensure consistent insulin absorption.Rotating injection sites helps prevent lipodystrophy, which is a condition that affects the subcutaneous fat tissue and can impair insulin absorption.
Choice A is wrong because injecting insulin directly into the umbilical area is not recommended for pregnant clients, as it may cause irritation or infection of the umbilical cord.
Choice B is wrong because needles should be disposed of in a puncture-resistant container, not in a regular trash bin, to prevent needlestick injuries.
Choice D is wrong because insulin vials should be stored in the refrigerator, not in the freezer, to maintain potency.Freezing can damage the insulin molecules and reduce their effectiveness.
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