A nurse is reviewing the medical records of four pregnant women who are being screened for gestational diabetes.
Which of the following women has the highest risk factor for developing gestational diabetes?
A 32-year-old woman who is obese and has PCOS
A 28-year-old woman who is Asian and has a previous baby who weighed 4 kg (8.8 lb) at birth.
A 36-year-old woman who is Caucasian and has impaired glucose tolerance.
A 24-year-old woman who is Hispanic and has a parent with type 2 diabetes.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A. A 32-year-old woman who is obese and has PCOS.
This woman has two major risk factors for developing gestational diabetes: obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Obesity increases insulin resistance and PCOS is associated with hormonal imbalances that affect glucose metabolism.
Choice B is wrong because being Asian and having a previous baby who weighed 4 kg (8.8 lb) at birth are not as strong risk factors as obesity and PCOS. However, they do increase the risk slightly.
Choice C is wrong because being Caucasian and having impaired glucose tolerance are also not as strong risk factors as obesity and PCOS. Impaired glucose tolerance means that the blood sugar level is higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes.
Choice D is wrong because being Hispanic and having a parent with type 2 diabetes are also not as strong risk factors as obesity and PCOS. However, they do increase the risk slightly.
Normal ranges for blood glucose levels during pregnancy are:
• Fasting: less than 95 mg/dL
• One hour after meal: less than 140 mg/dL
• Two hours after meal: less than 120 mg/dL
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. Type 2 diabetes.The nurse should explain that the woman has a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life because gestational diabetes is a condition where the body cannot use insulin properly during pregnancy.This can lead to high blood sugar levels and affect the health of both the mother and the baby.Gestational diabetes usually goes away after the baby is born, but it increases the chance of getting type 2 diabetes in the future.According to the CDC, up to 50% of women with gestational diabetes will develop type 2 diabetes within 5 to 10 years after delivery.
Choice A is wrong because hypertension is not directly related to gestational diabetes.However, high blood pressure can be a complication of pregnancy and can increase the risk of preeclampsia, a serious condition that can affect both the mother and the baby.
Choice B is wrong because osteoporosis is not directly related to gestational diabetes.
Osteoporosis is a condition where the bones become weak and brittle due to loss of bone density.It can be influenced by factors such as age, genetics, diet, lifestyle, and hormonal changes.
Choice D is wrong because thyroid disease is not directly related to gestational diabetes.
Thyroid disease is a condition where the thyroid gland produces too much or too little thyroid hormone, which regulates the metabolism and other body functions.It can be caused by autoimmune disorders, infections, tumors, medications, or iodine deficiency.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. Perform a glucose tolerance test.
A fasting blood glucose level of 100 mg/dL is considered borderline for gestational diabetes and indicates the need for further testing.
A glucose tolerance test measures how the body responds to a glucose load and can diagnose gestational diabetes.
Choice A is wrong because a fasting blood glucose level of 100 mg/dL is not normal for a pregnant woman and does not rule out gestational diabetes.
Choice B is wrong because repeating the test in one week will not provide any additional information and may delay the diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes.
Choice D is wrong because insulin is not prescribed unless the woman has confirmed gestational diabetes and fails to control her blood glucose levels with diet and exercise.
The normal range for fasting blood glucose in pregnancy is 70 to 95 mg/dL.
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