A nurse is reviewing the medical records of four pregnant women who are being screened for gestational diabetes.
Which of the following women has the highest risk factor for developing gestational diabetes?
A 32-year-old woman who is obese and has PCOS
A 28-year-old woman who is Asian and has a previous baby who weighed 4 kg (8.8 lb) at birth.
A 36-year-old woman who is Caucasian and has impaired glucose tolerance.
A 24-year-old woman who is Hispanic and has a parent with type 2 diabetes.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A. A 32-year-old woman who is obese and has PCOS.
This woman has two major risk factors for developing gestational diabetes: obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Obesity increases insulin resistance and PCOS is associated with hormonal imbalances that affect glucose metabolism.
Choice B is wrong because being Asian and having a previous baby who weighed 4 kg (8.8 lb) at birth are not as strong risk factors as obesity and PCOS. However, they do increase the risk slightly.
Choice C is wrong because being Caucasian and having impaired glucose tolerance are also not as strong risk factors as obesity and PCOS. Impaired glucose tolerance means that the blood sugar level is higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes.
Choice D is wrong because being Hispanic and having a parent with type 2 diabetes are also not as strong risk factors as obesity and PCOS. However, they do increase the risk slightly.
Normal ranges for blood glucose levels during pregnancy are:
• Fasting: less than 95 mg/dL
• One hour after meal: less than 140 mg/dL
• Two hours after meal: less than 120 mg/dL
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is
B. Preeclampsia.
Preeclampsia is a condition that causes high blood pressure and protein in the urine during pregnancy.It can lead to serious complications for the mother and the baby, such as seizures, organ damage, growth restriction, and placental abruption.
Advanced maternal age (35 years or older) is one of the risk factors for preeclampsia.Other risk factors include chronic hypertension, kidney disease, diabetes, obesity, multiple gestation, and history of preeclampsia.
A. Gestational diabetes.
Statement is wrong because gestational diabetes is a condition that causes high blood sugar levels during pregnancy.
It can affect the health of the mother and the baby, such as increasing the risk of macrosomia, cesarean delivery, hypoglycemia, and future diabetes.
However, advanced maternal age is not a major risk factor for gestational diabetes.
The main risk factors are obesity, family history of diabetes, previous gestational diabetes, and certain ethnicities.
C. Preterm labor.
Statement is wrong because preterm labor is when contractions start before 37 weeks of pregnancy and lead to cervical changes.
It can result in premature birth, which can cause health problems for the baby, such as breathing difficulties, bleeding in the brain, and infections.
Advanced maternal age is not a direct risk factor for preterm labor.
The main risk factors are multiple gestation, history of preterm birth, cervical insufficiency, infection, placental problems, and certain medical conditions.
D. Placenta previa.
Statement is wrong because placenta previa is when the placenta covers part or all of the cervix.
It can cause painless vaginal bleeding during pregnancy and delivery complications, such as hemorrhage and cesarean delivery.
Advanced maternal age is not a strong risk factor for placenta previa.
The main risk factors are previous cesarean delivery, multiple gestation, smoking, and previous uterine surgery.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C.Being older than 25 years at the time of pregnancy is a risk factor for developing gestational diabetes.Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that can develop during pregnancy in women who don’t already have diabetes.It occurs when the body can’t make enough insulin during pregnancy.
Choice A is wrong because being underweight before pregnancy is not a risk factor for gestational diabetes.In fact, obesity is one of the biggest risk factors for gestational diabetes.
Choice B is wrong because having a history of infertility or miscarriage is not a risk factor for gestational diabetes.However, having a family history of diabetes is a risk factor for gestational diabetes.
Choice D is wrong because having a family history of autoimmune diseases is not a risk factor for gestational diabetes.
Autoimmune diseases are conditions where the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as type 1 diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis.Gestational diabetes is not an autoimmune disease, but rather a disorder of insulin resistance and secretion.
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