A nurse is teaching a client about the contributing factors to peripheral vascular diseases. The nurse explains that the most common cause of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is:

Smoking.

Sedentary lifestyle.

Family history of PAD.

High dietary sodium intake.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) This choice is correct. Smoking is the most significant risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD). Smoking damages blood vessels, promotes atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in arteries), and narrows blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow to the extremities.

B) This choice is incorrect because while a sedentary lifestyle can be a contributing factor to peripheral vascular diseases, it is not the most common cause of PAD.

C) This choice is incorrect because while family history can play a role in the development of PAD, it is not the most common cause. Other modifiable risk factors, such as smoking and diabetes, have a more significant impact on PAD.

D) This choice is incorrect because high dietary sodium intake is not a direct cause of PAD. However, reducing sodium intake can benefit overall cardiovascular health, especially for individuals with hypertension.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition where a blood clot forms in a deep vein, typically in the legs. DVT is characterized by swelling, warmth, and redness in the affected leg, but it does not cause leg pain that improves with rest.

B) This choice is correct. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a condition where there is a narrowing or blockage of the arteries in the extremities, leading to reduced blood flow. The hallmark symptom of PAD is intermittent claudication, which is leg pain that occurs during walking or physical activity and improves with rest.

C) This choice is incorrect because Raynaud's disease is a disorder that affects the blood vessels in the fingers and toes, causing them to spasm and turn white, then blue, and finally red. It is not characterized by leg pain while walking.

D) This choice is incorrect because varicose veins are enlarged and twisted veins, usually in the legs, that can cause discomfort and cosmetic concerns. However, they do not typically cause leg pain that improves with rest.

A. Swelling and tenderness in the calf B. Intermittent claudication during physical activity C. Cold, pale, and numb fingers or toes D. Ulceration on the lower leg with foul-smelling discharge

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This choice is concerning and may indicate deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Swelling and tenderness in the calf can be a sign of a blood clot, and immediate evaluation is required to prevent potential complications such as a pulmonary embolism. However, it is not as critical as the finding in option D.

B) This choice is concerning and may indicate peripheral artery disease (PAD). Intermittent claudication during physical activity suggests reduced blood flow to the extremities, but it does not require immediate intervention.

C) This choice is concerning and may indicate Raynaud's disease. Raynaud's disease involves the fingers or toes turning white, then blue, and finally red due to blood vessel spasms, but it is not as urgent as the finding in option D.

D) This choice is correct. Ulceration on the lower leg with foul-smelling discharge indicates a severe complication of peripheral vascular disease, possibly related to peripheral artery disease (PAD) or venous insufficiency. Ulcers that have an unpleasant odor and are not healing require immediate intervention to prevent infection and further tissue damage.

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A nurse is teaching a client about the contributing factors to peripheral vascular diseases. The nurse explains that the most common cause of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client reports experiencing leg pain while walking that improves with rest. The nurse should suspect which peripheral vascular disease?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected peripheral vascular disease. Which finding is most concerning and requires immediate intervention?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client about the contributing factors to peripheral vascular diseases. The nurse explains that the most common cause of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is:

A nurse is providing education to a client with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) about self-care strategies. What should the nurse recommend to the client to promote venous return?

A client with suspected peripheral vascular disease is scheduled for an ankle-brachial index (ABI) test. The nurse explains that this test measures:

A client with diabetes asks a nurse about the increased risk of peripheral vascular disease (PAD) in diabetes. The nurse explains that diabetes contributes to PAD primarily through:

A client has a history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. The nurse should recognize that these risk factors contribute to the development of which peripheral vascular disease?

A client with peripheral vascular disease is scheduled for an arteriography. The nurse should provide pre-procedure education, including informing the client that:

A nurse is caring for a client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) who experiences intermittent claudication. What should the nurse encourage the client to do during episodes of leg pain?

A nurse is teaching a client with peripheral vascular disease about skin care. The nurse should instruct the client to: