A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for an antacid to treat a gastric ulcer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

I will take this medication with an antacid.

I will take this medication as needed to reduce pain.

I will take this medication after I take my proton pump inhibitor (Protonix).

I will reduce my fluid intake with this medication.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Taking an antacid with another antacid is redundant and unnecessary. Antacids are medicines that neutralize the acid in the stomach and relieve symptoms of heartburn, indigestion, and gastric ulcers. Taking too much antacid can cause side effects such as diarrhea, constipation, or electrolyte imbalance¹.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Taking an antacid as needed to reduce pain is not a good practice. Antacids are not painkillers and do not address the underlying cause of gastric ulcers. Gastric ulcers are sores in the lining of the stomach that can be caused by infection, inflammation, or erosion. Taking an antacid may temporarily relieve the pain, but it does not heal the ulcer or prevent complications. Antacids should be taken regularly as prescribed by the doctor, along with other medicines that treat the cause of the ulcer.

Choice C reason: This is correct. Taking an antacid after taking a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is a good practice. PPIs are medicines that reduce the production of acid in the stomach and help heal gastric ulcers. However, PPIs may take several hours to work and may not provide immediate relief of symptoms. Taking an antacid after a PPI can help neutralize any remaining acid in the stomach and provide faster symptom relief. However, the antacid should be taken at least 2 hours after the PPI, as the antacid can interfere with the absorption of the PPI.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Reducing fluid intake with an antacid is not a good practice. Fluid intake is important for hydration, digestion, and elimination. Reducing fluid intake can cause dehydration, constipation, or kidney problems. Fluid intake does not affect the effectiveness of antacids, as long as the antacid is taken with a glass of water to help dissolve and flush it down the esophagus and into the stomach.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: “This medication should be taken after eating to reduce nausea.” is not a correct statement that demonstrates understanding about ondansetron. Ondansetron is a medication that prevents nausea and vomiting by blocking the action of serotonin, a chemical that stimulates the vomiting center in the brain. Ondansetron can be taken with or without food, and it does not affect the digestion or absorption of food. Ondansetron is usually taken before the start of chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery, which are the common causes of nausea and vomiting.

Choice B reason: “This medication should not be taken with starfruit.” is not a correct statement that demonstrates understanding about ondansetron. Ondansetron is a medication that prevents nausea and vomiting by blocking the action of serotonin, a chemical that stimulates the vomiting center in the brain. Ondansetron does not interact with starfruit, which is a tropical fruit that contains substances that can inhibit the enzyme CYP3A4, which is involved in the metabolism of many drugs. Ondansetron is mainly metabolized by another enzyme, CYP1A2, and it has a low potential for drug interactions¹.

Choice C reason: “This medication may make me tired and confused.” is a correct statement that demonstrates understanding about ondansetron. Ondansetron is a medication that prevents nausea and vomiting by blocking the action of serotonin, a chemical that stimulates the vomiting center in the brain. Ondansetron can also cross the blood brain barrier and affect other serotonin receptors in the brain, which are involved in regulating mood, cognition, and sleep. Ondansetron can cause side effects such as fatigue, drowsiness, headache, and confusion, which can impair the mental alertness and performance of the client. The client should be advised to avoid driving, operating machinery, or doing other tasks that require attention after taking ondansetron.

Choice D reason: “This medication may cause rebound nausea.” is not a correct statement that demonstrates understanding about ondansetron. Ondansetron is a medication that prevents nausea and vomiting by blocking the action of serotonin, a chemical that stimulates the vomiting center in the brain. Ondansetron does not cause rebound nausea, which is a condition of nausea that occurs after the discontinuation of a medication that suppresses nausea. Ondansetron is not a medication that suppresses nausea, but rather prevents it by blocking the stimulation of the vomiting center. Ondansetron does not cause dependence or withdrawal symptoms, and it can be stopped without causing rebound nausea.

A. 3% sodium chloride B. Dextrose 10% in water C. Lactated Ringer's D. 0.9% sodium chloride

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: 3% sodium chloride is a hypertonic solution that can cause fluid shifts and dehydration. It is not a suitable replacement for TPN, which is also hypertonic but provides calories, electrolytes, vitamins, and minerals. Infusing 3% sodium chloride can lead to hypernatremia, increased intracranial pressure, and cellular damage.

Choice B reason: Dextrose 10% in water is a hypertonic solution that can provide some calories and prevent hypoglycemia. It is the best option among the choices to replace TPN temporarily, until the new container arrives. However, it does not provide adequate nutrition or electrolytes, so it should not be used for a long time.

Choice C reason: Lactated Ringer's is an isotonic solution that can maintain fluid balance and electrolytes. It is not a suitable replacement for TPN, which is hypertonic and provides more calories and nutrients. Infusing Lactated Ringer's can lead to fluid overload, hyponatremia, and metabolic alkalosis.

Choice D reason: 0.9% sodium chloride is an isotonic solution that can maintain fluid balance and sodium levels. It is not a suitable replacement for TPN, which is hypertonic and provides more calories and nutrients. Infusing 0.9% sodium chloride can lead to fluid overload, hyponatremia, and metabolic acidosis.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for an antacid to treat a gastric ulcer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client prescribed ondansetron (Zofran) for persistent nausea and vomiting demonstrates understanding about his medication when he states:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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