A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about diabetic retinopathy.
Which of the following statements should the nurse make to the client?
"Clouding of the lens is a manifestation of diabetic retinopathy.”.
"It is caused by an increase in intraocular pressure.”.
"Have an eye exam every 2 years.”.
"Seeing spots is a manifestation of diabetic retinopathy.”.
The Correct Answer is D
The correct answer is d. "Seeing spots is a manifestation of diabetic retinopathy."
Choice A rationale:
- Clouding of the lens is not a manifestation of diabetic retinopathy. It is a characteristic of cataracts, a condition that involves a different eye structure and has a different etiology.
- Diabetic retinopathy specifically affects the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue lining the back of the eye. It does not directly involve the lens.
- It's crucial to clarify this distinction for the client to ensure accurate understanding of their condition and potential symptoms.
Choice B rationale:
- Increased intraocular pressure is not the cause of diabetic retinopathy. It is the primary feature of glaucoma, another eye condition with distinct causes and consequences.
- Diabetic retinopathy is primarily driven by damage to the blood vessels in the retina due to prolonged high blood sugar levels.
- Explaining this difference to the client can help prevent confusion and promote appropriate preventive measures.
Choice C rationale:
- While regular eye exams are essential for early detection and management of diabetic retinopathy, the recommended frequency is more often than every 2 years.
- The American Diabetes Association recommends that individuals with diabetes have a comprehensive dilated eye exam at least annually.
- More frequent exams may be necessary depending on the individual's risk factors and the severity of their diabetes.
Choice D rationale:
- Seeing spots is a common and significant symptom of diabetic retinopathy. It occurs when blood vessels in the retina leak fluid or bleed, causing disruptions in vision.
- Other potential symptoms of diabetic retinopathy include:
- Blurred vision
- Floaters (dark specks or strings that move across the visual field)
- Difficulty seeing at night or in low light
- Loss of central vision
- Distortion of colors
- Blind spots
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Dysphagia is a difficulty or discomfort with swallowing and is not a complication of diverticulitis. Diverticulitis typically involves inflammation or infection of diverticula in the colon and may present with symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, and changes in bowel habits, but dysphagia is not a characteristic feature.
Choice B rationale:
Ulcerative colitis is a distinct inflammatory bowel disease and is not a complication of diverticulitis. These conditions have different causes and affect different parts of the digestive tract. While both conditions can cause abdominal discomfort, they are not directly related.
Choice C rationale:
Peritonitis is a potential complication of diverticulitis. When diverticula become infected and rupture, they can spill their contents into the abdominal cavity, leading to peritonitis, which is an inflammation of the peritoneum (the lining of the abdominal cavity). This condition can be life-threatening and requires prompt medical intervention.
Choice D rationale:
Crohn's disease is a separate inflammatory bowel disease and is not a complication of diverticulitis. Crohn's disease can affect any part of the digestive tract, whereas diverticulitis typically occurs in the colon. They have distinct clinical features and treatment approaches. .
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Self-awareness is a fundamental component of emotional intelligence. It involves recognizing and understanding one's own emotions, strengths, weaknesses, and values. This self-awareness enables individuals to manage their emotions effectively and develop healthy relationships.
Choice B rationale:
Self-esteem is related to self-worth and confidence but is not a core component of emotional intelligence. While having healthy self-esteem can contribute to emotional well-being, it is not a direct aspect of emotional intelligence.
Choice C rationale:
Role performance is not a primary component of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence focuses on one's ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions in themselves and others, rather than on role-related behaviors.
Choice D rationale:
Body image is related to self-perception and body confidence but is not a core element of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence primarily deals with emotional awareness and management, social skills, and empathy.
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