A nurse is teaching a client who has herpes simplex virus type 2 about disease transmission.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?
"It is okay to share towels as long as it belongs to a family member.”.
"Itching or tingling occurs at the site where a blister forms.”.
"I will take medication daily to prevent more sores.”.
"It is not contagious after the blisters rupture.”.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is highly contagious through direct contact with the virus, which can be present on towels and other personal items. Sharing towels, even with family members, can facilitate the transmission of the virus, especially during active outbreaks.
Choice B rationale
Prior to the development of visible blisters, many individuals with HSV-2 experience prodromal symptoms such as itching, tingling, or burning at the site where the lesions will eventually appear. This indicates an understanding of the early signs of a recurrent outbreak.
Choice C rationale
Daily antiviral medication for HSV-2 is suppressive therapy, which helps to reduce the frequency, duration, and severity of outbreaks, as well as the risk of transmission. However, it does not entirely prevent the occurrence of sores in all individuals.
Choice D rationale
Even after the blisters rupture and begin to heal, the herpes simplex virus can still be present in the secretions and can potentially be transmitted to others through direct contact until the lesions are completely healed and the skin is intact.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Eye drops for glaucoma primarily work to lower intraocular pressure and slow the progression of the disease. They do not reverse existing vision loss or improve vision over time. Glaucoma-related vision loss is typically permanent due to damage to the optic nerve.
Choice B rationale
Glaucoma is usually characterized by an increase in intraocular pressure due to a blockage of the outflow of aqueous humor or overproduction of aqueous humor, not inadequate production. This elevated pressure damages the optic nerve over time, leading to vision loss.
Choice C rationale
Double vision, or diplopia, is not a typical symptom of glaucoma. Common symptoms of glaucoma include gradual peripheral vision loss, blurred vision, halos around lights, and eye pain (especially in acute angle-closure glaucoma).
Choice D rationale
Glaucoma is a progressive eye disease that damages the optic nerve. If left untreated, the increased intraocular pressure can lead to significant and irreversible vision loss, eventually resulting in blindness. Early detection and consistent treatment are crucial to prevent this outcome.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Basal cell carcinoma typically presents as a pearly or waxy bump, often with telangiectasia (small blood vessels) and a rolled border. While it can grow, it is less likely to exhibit irregular shape and significant color variation.
Choice B rationale
Malignant melanoma is characterized by the "ABCDE" criteria: asymmetry (irregular shape), border irregularity (notched, scalloped, or blurred), color variation (multiple shades of brown, black, red, white, or blue), diameter (usually larger than 6 mm), and evolving (change in size, shape, color, or elevation). The patient's report of an increased size and an irregularly shaped lesion with varying colors strongly suggests malignant melanoma, a serious form of skin cancer arising from melanocytes.
Choice C rationale
Squamous cell carcinoma often appears as a firm, red nodule or a scaly, crusty patch. While it can be irregular in shape and may grow, the description of varied colors is less typical of squamous cell carcinoma compared to melanoma.
Choice D rationale
Kaposi's sarcoma presents as red, purple, or brown blotches or nodules on the skin. It is associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and is more common in individuals with weakened immune systems. The description of an increasing, irregularly shaped, and multicolored lesion is not typical of Kaposi's sarcoma.
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