A nurse is teaching a client who has Parkinson's disease and is prescribed a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

"Maintain a low-protein diet."

"Do not eat grapefruit while taking this medication."

"Avoid aged cheeses while taking this medication."

"Reduce intake of high-calorie foods."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:
Maintaining a low-protein diet is not the appropriate instruction for a client taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). While dietary restrictions are associated with MAOIs, it's primarily focused on avoiding foods rich in tyramine, which is not limited to just protein-containing foods.
Choice B rationale:
Not eating grapefruit while taking medication is generally applicable advice, but it is not specific to MAOIs. Grapefruit can interfere with the metabolism of certain medications by inhibiting specific enzymes. However, it's not a concern solely related to MAOIs.
Choice C rationale:
Avoiding aged cheeses while taking this medication is the correct instruction. Aged cheeses contain tyramine, which can lead to a hypertensive crisis when consumed with MAOIs. Tyramine interacts with MAOIs to increase blood pressure, potentially causing a serious reaction.
Choice D rationale:
Reducing intake of high-calorie foods is not a primary concern when taking MAOIs. The main dietary focus is on avoiding tyramine-rich foods to prevent dangerous interactions. High-calorie foods are not directly contraindicated with MAOIs.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
Providing sugar-free candy is not an appropriate action for managing chronic diarrhea. Sugar-free candy may contain artificial sweeteners, which could worsen diarrhea or have other gastrointestinal effects. Additionally, candy doesn't address the underlying cause of chronic diarrhea.
Choice B rationale:
Recommending that the client eliminate the intake of carbonated beverages is the correct choice. Carbonated beverages, especially those with added sugars or artificial sweeteners, can contribute to gastrointestinal irritation and exacerbate diarrhea. Avoiding these drinks can help reduce symptoms and promote better digestion.
Choice C rationale:
Instructing the client to increase the consumption of beans is not advisable. Beans are known to cause gas and bloating in some individuals, which could further worsen the client's symptoms of chronic diarrhea. Increasing bean consumption might aggravate gastrointestinal distress.
Choice D rationale:
Encouraging the client to drink 4 oz of milk after each loose stool is not a suitable approach. Milk, particularly in larger quantities, can have a laxative effect in some individuals, potentially worsening the diarrhea. This suggestion could lead to increased discomfort for the client.

A. "I can choose an avocado dip instead of salsa." B. "I can eat the skin on poultry if it is broiled." C. "I will use margarine on my waffles." D. "I will include 7 ounces of fish in my diet weekly."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
The client's statement, "I can choose an avocado dip instead of salsa," indicates an understanding of the teaching about a low-saturated fat diet. Avocado is a source of healthy monounsaturated fats, which are preferred over saturated fats. This choice aligns with the goal of reducing saturated fat intake, which is important for cardiovascular health. Avocado dip is a better choice than salsa in this context due to its healthier fat content.
Choice B rationale:
The statement "I can eat the skin on poultry if it is broiled" is not indicative of an understanding of a low-saturated fat diet. Poultry skin is high in saturated fat, and even though broiling is a healthier cooking method compared to frying, the saturated fat content in the skin remains a concern.
Choice C rationale:
The statement "I will use margarine on my waffles" is not aligned with the teaching of a low-saturated fat diet. Most margarines contain trans fats or unhealthy saturated fats, which can be detrimental to cardiovascular health. Using margarine on waffles would likely contribute to the intake of unhealthy fats.
Choice D rationale:
The statement "I will include 7 ounces of fish in my diet weekly" does not reflect an understanding of a low-saturated fat diet. While fish is generally a healthy protein source, this statement doesn't specifically address saturated fat reduction. The type of fish and its preparation method can influence the saturated fat content, so simply including a certain amount of fish does not guarantee adherence to a low-saturated fat diet.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has Parkinson's disease and is prescribed a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

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