A nurse is teaching a group of parents about the chain of infection. Which of the following statements by one of the parents indicates a need for further teaching?
"The infectious agent is the microorganism that causes the disease."
"The reservoir is where the microorganism lives and grows."
"The portal of exit is how the microorganism enters the body of the host."
"The susceptible host is someone who is at risk for getting the infection."
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: This is a correct statement. The infectious agent is the microorganism that causes the disease, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.
Choice B reason: This is a correct statement. The reservoir is where the microorganism lives and grows, such as humans, animals, plants, soil, or water.
Choice C reason: This is an incorrect statement. The portal of exit is how the microorganism leaves the body of the reservoir, not how it enters the body of the host. The portal of entry is how the microorganism enters the body of the host.
Choice D reason: This is a correct statement. The susceptible host is someone who is at risk for getting the infection, such as children, elderly, immunocompromised, or malnourished people.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is an incorrect action. The nurse should place the child in a private room with negative air pressure only if the child has an airborne infection, such as tuberculosis or measles. Chickenpox is transmitted by both airborne and contact routes, so a private room with positive air pressure is sufficient.
Choice B reason: This is a correct action. The nurse should wear gloves and a gown when entering the room to prevent contact transmission of chickenpox.
Choice C reason: This is a correct action. The nurse should apply calamine lotion to the skin lesions to relieve itching and prevent scratching.
Choice D reason: This is a correct action. The nurse should administer acyclovir as prescribed to reduce viral shedding and shorten the duration of symptoms.
Choice E reason: This is an incorrect action. The nurse should not give aspirin for fever and pain relief to a child who has chickenpox, because it can increase the risk of Reye syndrome, a rare but serious condition that affects the liver and brain.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Contact isolation is used for patients who have infections that can be spread by direct or indirect contact with the patient or their environment. Pertussis is not transmitted by contact, but by respiratory droplets.
Choice B reason: Droplet isolation is used for patients who have infections that can be spread by large respiratory droplets that are generated by coughing, sneezing, or talking. Pertussis is transmitted by respiratory droplets, so droplet isolation is appropriate.
Choice C reason: Airborne isolation is used for patients who have infections that can be spread by small airborne particles that can remain suspended in the air and travel over long distances. Pertussis is not transmitted by airborne particles, but by respiratory droplets.
Choice D reason: Protective isolation is used for patients who have compromised immune systems and are at risk of acquiring infections from others. Pertussis does not require protective isolation, as it does not pose a threat to immunocompromised patients.
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