A nurse is teaching a pregnant client about the risk factors for pre-eclampsia.
Which of the following should the nurse include? (Select all that apply).
Age over 35 years
First pregnancy
Obesity
Diabetes mellitus
Multiple gestation
Correct Answer : B,C,D,E
The correct answer is choices B, C, D, and E. These are all risk factors for pre-eclampsia according to various sources.
Choice A is wrong because age over 35 years is not a risk factor for pre-eclampsia by itself, although it may be associated with other conditions that increase the risk, such as chronic hypertension or diabetes.
Pre-eclampsia is a complication of pregnancy that involves high blood pressure, protein in the urine, and organ damage. It can affect both the mother and the fetus and can lead to serious complications such as eclampsia (seizures), placental abruption, and stillbirth. It is more common in first pregnancies, especially with a new partner, because of the immune response to the foreign fetal antigens. Obesity, diabetes mellitus, and multiple gestation are also risk factors because they increase the metabolic and vascular demands on the placenta and the mother.
Normal ranges for blood pressure and proteinuria in pregnancy are:
• Blood pressure: less than 140/90 mmHg
• Proteinuria: less than 300 mg/24 hours or less than 30 mg/dL on a random urine sample
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The client has no seizures.Magnesium sulfate therapy is used to prevent seizures in women with preeclampsia and eclampsia.Seizures are a life-threatening complication of eclampsia and indicate a failure of therapy.
Choice B is wrong because diuresis is not a goal of magnesium sulfate therapy.Diuresis may indicate fluid overload or renal impairment, which are complications of preeclampsia and eclampsia.
Choice C is wrong because improved fetal movement is not a direct outcome of magnesium sulfate therapy.Fetal movement may be affected by many factors, such as gestational age, maternal position, and fetal well-being.
Choice D is wrong because increased platelet count is not a result of magnesium sulfate therapy.Platelet count may be decreased in preeclampsia and eclampsia due to disseminated intravascular coagulation, which is a serious complication that requires prompt treatment.
Normal ranges for blood pressure are less than 140/90 mm Hg, for proteinuria are less than 300 mg/24 hours, for platelet count are 150,000 to 400,000/mm3, and for serum magnesium are 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate overdose.Magnesium sulfate blocks calcium, so calcium gluconate can reverse the effect of an overdose.
The other choices are not antidotes for magnesium sulfate.Choice A, naloxone, is the antidote for narcotics or opioid overdose.Choice B, flumazenil, is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose.Choice D, protamine sulfate, is the antidote for heparin overdose.The normal range of magnesium level is 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L, so a level of 10 mg/dL indicates toxicity.
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