A nurse is teaching about self-monitoring to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will check my urine once a day for ketones."

"I will check my blood glucose every 4 hours when I am sick."

"I will notify my provider if pre-meal glucose is 120 mg/dL."

"I will check blood glucose every 5 minutes when lightheaded."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Checking urine for ketones is generally recommended when blood glucose is consistently high, but once daily may not be sufficient during illness or hyperglycemic episodes.
B. Monitoring blood glucose every 4 hours during illness helps manage potential fluctuations and prevent diabetic ketoacidosis, making this statement correct.
C. A pre-meal blood glucose of 120 mg/dL is within the acceptable range, so notifying the provider is unnecessary.
D. Checking blood glucose every 5 minutes is excessive and not standard practice, even if feeling lightheaded.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Oral hypoglycemics are not appropriate for managing DKA, as immediate and effective control of blood glucose levels is required through IV insulin.
B. Dextrose solutions are not initially indicated, as they could elevate blood glucose further. Dextrose may be considered once blood glucose reaches a safer level (around 250 mg/dL).
C. Glucocorticoids can increase blood glucose levels, so they are contraindicated in DKA management.
D. 0.9% sodium chloride IV bolus is essential to address dehydration commonly seen in DKA due to osmotic diuresis and to restore blood volume.

A. Glycosylated hemoglobin A1C B. Urine dipstick for glucose. C. Fasting blood glucose D. Oral glucose tolerance

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Glycosylated hemoglobin A1C provides an average of the patient's blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months and is the standard test used to evaluate long-term glycemic control in patients with diabetes.
B. A urine dipstick for glucose measures glucose in the urine but does not provide an accurate assessment of overall blood glucose control or effectiveness of treatment.
C. Fasting blood glucose is useful for assessing current blood sugar levels but does not reflect long-term management or control.
D. An oral glucose tolerance test is typically used for diagnosing diabetes rather than for ongoing monitoring of treatment effectiveness.

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A nurse is teaching about self-monitoring to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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