A nurse is teaching the partner of a client who has diabetes mellitus how to manage episodes of severe hypoglycemia when the client is unresponsive.
Which of the following actions should the nurse instruct the partner to take first?

Choice A rationale

Applying a warming blanket prior to administration addresses chills but does not prevent fever or other infusion-related reactions to amphotericin B.

Choice B rationale

Infusing the medication over 1 hr does not reduce the risk of fever and chills, which are common infusion-related reactions to amphotericin B.

Choice C rationale

Administering diphenhydramine prior to administration can help prevent fever and chills by blocking histamine release, a common response to amphotericin B infusion.

Choice D rationale

Monitoring vital signs once per hour following administration does not prevent fever and chills; it only helps in early detection of adverse reactions to amphotericin B. .

Choice A rationale: While oral fluid intake is important for hydration and general health, it is not an immediate priority unless there is evidence of dehydration, which is not present here. The client’s main issues are urinary symptoms and infection.

Choice B rationale: Urinalysis results showing cloudy appearance, foul odor, and elevated pH indicate a urinary tract infection (UTI), which requires immediate follow-up due to the risk of sepsis and worsening infection if untreated. Normal urine should be clear, aromatic, and have a pH of 4.6–8.0.

Choice C rationale: The client’s report of burning sensation upon urination is a classic symptom of a UTI. Dysuria, urgency, and frequency are concerning signs of infection that require prompt medical attention to prevent complications such as pyelonephritis or bacteremia.

Choice D rationale: While the amber yellow color of urine is within normal range, the associated symptoms and laboratory findings are more concerning. The color alone does not indicate an immediate issue compared to the urinalysis and reported urinary discomfort.