A nurse observes a parent administer a prescribed oral medication to an infant. Which of the following statements indicates a need for further instruction?

Administers medication with an oral syringe.

Inserts the medication in the infant’s buccal cavity.

Allows the infant to swallow some of the medication before administering more.

Positions the infant in a supine position.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason:

Administering medication with an oral syringe is a recommended practice for giving liquid medication to infants. An oral syringe allows for accurate measurement and controlled delivery of the medication, reducing the risk of choking and ensuring the infant receives the correct dose. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for further instruction.

Choice B reason:

Inserting the medication in the infant’s buccal cavity (the space between the gums and the cheek) is also a recommended technique. This method helps to prevent the infant from spitting out the medication and ensures better absorption. Hence, this statement does not indicate a need for further instruction.

Choice C reason:

Allowing the infant to swallow some of the medication before administering more is a safe and effective way to give medication. This approach helps to prevent choking and ensures that the infant can handle the amount of medication being given. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for further instruction.

Choice D reason:

Positioning the infant in a supine position (lying flat on their back) is not recommended when administering oral medication. This position increases the risk of aspiration, where the medication could enter the airway instead of the esophagus. The correct position is to hold the infant in an upright or semi-upright position to ensure safe swallowing and reduce the risk of choking or aspiration. Therefore, this statement indicates a need for further instruction.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

The statement “Chamomile may act as a calming agent” is correct. Chamomile is well-known for its calming and sedative effects, which can help reduce anxiety and promote better sleep. It is often used in teas and supplements to help with relaxation and stress relief.

Choice B reason:

The statement “Chamomile has anti-inflammatory properties beneficial for treating skin disorders” is also correct. Chamomile contains compounds that have anti-inflammatory effects, making it useful for treating various skin conditions such as eczema and dermatitis. However, this is not the primary use highlighted in the context of the question.

Choice C reason:

The statement “Chamomile decreases cholesterol levels” is incorrect. There is no substantial evidence to support the claim that chamomile can lower cholesterol levels. Chamomile is more commonly associated with its calming, anti-inflammatory, and digestive benefits.

Choice D reason:

The statement “Chamomile can reduce nausea and vomiting” is correct. Chamomile has been traditionally used to soothe digestive issues, including nausea and vomiting. However, the primary focus in the context of the question is its calming effect.

A. Administer the medication over 1 minute. B. Dilute the medication with sterile water before injecting. C. Slow the injection if the medication crystallizes. D. Follow the injection with sterile water.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Administering the medication over 1 minute is crucial for phenytoin IV administration. Phenytoin should be administered slowly to prevent severe cardiovascular reactions, including hypotension and arrhythmias. The recommended rate is not to exceed 50 mg per minute.

Choice B reason: Diluting the medication with sterile water before injecting is not recommended for phenytoin. Phenytoin should be administered undiluted or diluted with normal saline if necessary. Using sterile water can cause the medication to precipitate.

Choice C reason: Slowing the injection if the medication crystallizes is not an appropriate action. If phenytoin crystallizes, it should not be administered. The nurse should ensure the solution is clear before administration and discard any crystallized medication.

Choice D reason: Following the injection with sterile water is not necessary. Phenytoin does not require a flush with sterile water after administration. Instead, normal saline can be used to flush the IV line before and after administration to ensure the line is clear.

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A nurse observes a parent administer a prescribed oral medication to an infant. Which of the following statements indicates a need for further instruction?

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