A nurse observes that decerebrate posturing is a comatose client's response to painful stimuli. Decerebrate posturing as a response to pain indicates:
Dysfunction in the cerebrum.
Dysfunction in the brain stem.
Dysfunction in the spinal column.
Dysfunction in the motor cortex.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Dysfunction in the cerebrum would likely result in different types of posturing, such as decorticate posturing, rather than decerebrate. The cerebrum is involved in controlling voluntary motor functions and damage here typically does not lead to decerebrate posturing.
Choice B rationale
Dysfunction in the brain stem results in decerebrate posturing, characterized by rigid extension of the arms and legs, downward pointing of the toes, and backward arching of the head. The brain stem is crucial for controlling basic life functions and its impairment leads to severe motor response issues.
Choice C rationale
Dysfunction in the spinal column typically does not lead to decerebrate posturing but may lead to different types of paralysis or movement issues depending on the location and severity of the damage.
Choice D rationale
Dysfunction in the motor cortex usually leads to abnormalities in voluntary movement, muscle tone, and coordination rather than decerebrate posturing which is more linked to brain stem issues.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Signs of medication overdose in Parkinson's disease typically include hallucinations, confusion, and dyskinesia (involuntary movements), rather than slurred speech and drooling. These symptoms are more associated with disease progression.
Choice B rationale
Increasing the medication dose might help in early or middle stages, but slurred speech and drooling indicate more advanced disease stages. Adjusting the dose might not address these specific symptoms effectively.
Choice C rationale
An exacerbation in Parkinson's disease would typically involve a worsening of existing symptoms like tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia (slowness of movement). Slurred speech and drooling suggest a more chronic progression rather than an acute exacerbation.
Choice D rationale
In the late stages of Parkinson's disease, symptoms can include significant motor dysfunction, slurred speech, and excessive drooling due to impaired swallowing and muscle control. These are signs of advanced disease progression.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The dura mater is the outermost, tough, and fibrous layer of the meninges that provides protection to the brain and spinal cord.
Choice B rationale
Meninges collectively refer to the three layers of protective membranes (dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater) that cover the brain and spinal cord.
Choice C rationale
The pia mater is the delicate innermost layer of the meninges that closely envelopes the brain and spinal cord, providing support and nourishment.
Choice D rationale
The arachnoid mater is the middle layer of the meninges that has a web-like appearance and provides cushioning for the brain and spinal cord.
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