A nurse positions a patient for the insertion of a nasogastric (NGT) tube by:

Side-lying with head of bed (HOB) at 30 degrees.

In the tripod position; leaning over the over the bed table on the left side with chin-to-chest.

Sitting the patient in an upright position.

Sitting the patient in an upright position and hyperextending the patient's head.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

The side-lying position with the head of bed at 30 degrees does not optimally align the nasal passages with the esophagus, increasing the risk of the NGT entering the trachea. Proper alignment facilitates easier and safer insertion into the stomach.

Choice B rationale

The tripod position is typically used for patients experiencing respiratory distress to maximize lung expansion. It does not provide the necessary head and neck alignment for safe nasogastric tube insertion.

Choice C rationale

Sitting the patient in an upright position, ideally between 45 to 90 degrees, uses gravity to aid the passage of the NGT down the esophagus. This position also allows the patient to cough effectively if the tube inadvertently enters the trachea.

Choice D rationale

Hyperextending the patient's head during NGT insertion can close off the esophagus and open the trachea, significantly increasing the risk of misplacement of the tube into the respiratory tract. The neck should be flexed forward with the chin to the chest during insertion.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Dried beans, such as lentils, kidney beans, and chickpeas, are excellent sources of plant-based protein. They contain a significant amount of amino acids, which are the building blocks of protein, making them a valuable addition to a vegetarian toddler's diet to support growth and development.

Choice B rationale

Cooked carrots are primarily a source of vitamins, particularly beta-carotene (a precursor to vitamin A), and fiber. They contain minimal amounts of protein and are not the best choice for increasing dietary protein intake in a vegetarian toddler.

Choice C rationale

Sliced bananas are a good source of carbohydrates, potassium, and some vitamins. However, they are low in protein and would not significantly contribute to increasing the dietary protein intake of a vegetarian toddler.

Choice D rationale

Whole wheat bread contains some protein, but it is not as concentrated a source as dried beans. While whole grains are important for fiber and overall nutrition, dried beans offer a higher protein content per serving, making them a better choice for increasing protein intake.

A. Increase consumption of canned tuna and salmon. B. Consume oranges and bananas. C. Limit intake of dried fruits. D. Avoid cow's milk.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Canned tuna and salmon, while sources of protein and omega-3 fatty acids, are not particularly high in potassium. Clients taking potassium-wasting diuretics need foods rich in potassium to replace the electrolytes lost through increased urination.

Choice B rationale

Oranges and bananas are excellent sources of potassium. Potassium is an essential electrolyte that is often depleted by potassium-wasting diuretics like furosemide or hydrochlorothiazide. Consuming these fruits helps maintain adequate potassium levels, which are crucial for cardiac function and muscle contraction. The normal range for serum potassium is typically 3.5-5.0 mEq/L.

Choice C rationale

Dried fruits, such as apricots and raisins, are high in potassium. However, the question asks what the nurse *should* include, and while dried fruits are beneficial, fresh fruits like oranges and bananas are often more readily available and consumed in larger quantities.

Choice D rationale

Cow's milk contains potassium but is not specifically emphasized for clients on potassium-wasting diuretics. Other food sources like fruits and vegetables generally provide a more direct and often higher concentration of potassium without the added phosphorus and calcium found in milk, which may be considerations for some individuals.

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A nurse positions a patient for the insertion of a nasogastric (NGT) tube by:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a toddler who follows a vegetarian diet about food choices that increase dietary protein intake.Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as the best choice for including protein in the toddler's diet?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about nutrition.The client has hypertension and is taking a potassium-wasting diuretic.Which of the following dietary instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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