What is the rationale for esophageal variceal bleeding in a patient with cirrhosis?
Inability of the liver to manufacture bile
A scarred liver results in Portal Hypertension
An elevated level of copper
Inability of the liver to convert NH3 to urea
The Correct Answer is B
A. Inability of the liver to manufacture bile: This does not directly cause esophageal varices or bleeding.
B. A scarred liver results in Portal Hypertension: Cirrhosis leads to scarring of the liver, which increases resistance to blood flow and causes portal hypertension. This elevated pressure in the portal venous system leads to the development of esophageal varices, which can rupture and bleed.
C. An elevated level of copper: Elevated copper levels are associated with Wilson's disease, not the cause of esophageal variceal bleeding in cirrhosis.
D. Inability of the liver to convert NH3 to urea: This causes hepatic encephalopathy but is not related to variceal bleeding.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
A. Instruct the patient to lie on the Left side: The patient should lie on their right side (the biopsy side) to apply pressure and prevent bleeding.
B. Assess the patient's vital signs: Monitoring vital signs is crucial to detect signs of bleeding, hypovolemia, or shock.
C. Assess the dressing over the puncture site: Checking for bleeding or hematoma formation at the puncture site is important to detect complications.
D. Assess for signs/symptoms of a pneumothorax: A pneumothorax is a possible complication of liver biopsy, especially if the biopsy needle punctures the lung.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Now you can eat whatever you want": This is incorrect and dangerous advice. Lifestyle changes, including diet, are crucial for preventing the progression of coronary artery disease even after a CABG.
B. "A CABG is not a cure - It may improve your quality of life": This response educates the patient that while CABG can relieve symptoms and improve quality of life, it does not cure the underlying disease. Continued management and lifestyle changes are essential.
C. "I am happy for you": While this might express empathy, it does not provide the necessary education or correction of the patient’s misconception about CABG.
D. "A CABG is not a cure - but now you can stop taking your medications": This is incorrect. Most patients will need to continue taking medications such as antiplatelets, statins, and antihypertensives to manage their condition post-CABG.
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