A nurse is caring for a client.

Exhibits

For each client finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with Parkinson's disease, stroke, and/or multiple sclerosis. Each finding can support more than one disease process

Cognitive function

Speech

Mobility status.

Blood pressure

Facial symmetry

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A,B"},"C":{"answers":"A,B,C"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"A,B"}}

Cognitive Function

Cognitive function in Parkinson's disease can be relatively preserved early on, though some patients may develop cognitive impairment or dementia in later stages.
Cognitive function can be significantly affected depending on the location and extent of brain damage. Sudden changes in cognition, such as confusion or difficulty forming words, are common in the acute phase following a stroke.
Cognitive impairment is possible and can vary widely among patients. It is usually more subtle and may include difficulties with concentration and memory rather than dramatic changes.

Speech

Speech abnormalities are common, such as reduced volume (hypophonia), monotone voice, and difficulty articulating words (dysarthria).
Speech difficulties, including aphasia or dysarthria, are common, especially if the stroke affects the language centers of the brain.
Speech problems can include slurred speech (dysarthria) and difficulty with articulation due to muscle weakness or coordination issues.

Mobility Status

Characterized by bradykinesia (slowness of movement), rigidity, and tremors. Mobility issues are common, with patients often using assistive devices as the disease progresses.
Mobility issues vary widely based on the affected brain areas. Weakness or paralysis on one side of the body (hemiparesis) and difficulty with gait and balance are common.
Mobility issues can include weakness, spasticity, and coordination problems. Gait disturbances are common, and assistive devices may be used as the disease progresses.

Blood Pressure

Blood pressure can vary but is not directly influenced by Parkinson's disease.
High blood pressure is often a risk factor for stroke and can be present in both the acute phase and later stages.
Blood pressure abnormalities are not a primary feature of MS, although secondary complications can affect it.

Facial Symmetry

Parkinson's Disease is characterized by a reduced range of facial expressions (masked face) due to bradykinesia and rigidity, but typically no acute facial droop.
Facial droop on one side is a common symptom, especially if the stroke affects the facial nerve area or motor control areas.
Facial weakness or asymmetry can occur, but is less common compared to stroke.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. In DIC, there is actually a consumption of clotting factors rather than an increase. The widespread activation of the clotting cascade leads to the consumption of clotting factors and platelets as they are used up in forming numerous small blood clots throughout the body. This depletion results in a paradoxical bleeding tendency due to a shortage of clotting factors.
B. This is characteristic of DIC. The condition involves both excessive clotting (thrombosis) and bleeding. The formation of small clots throughout the microcirculation leads to organ damage and depletion of clotting factors and platelets, which in turn causes bleeding tendencies. This dual process of clot formation and bleeding is a hallmark of DIC.
C. In DIC, there is a decrease in platelet count, not an increase. The condition causes widespread clotting, which consumes platelets rapidly, leading to a low platelet count. Therefore, a progressive increase in platelet count would not be expected in DIC.
D. Sodium and fluid retention are not primary features of DIC. Instead, DIC typically presents with symptoms related to clotting and bleeding rather than fluid balance. Fluid retention would be more associated with other conditions like heart failure or renal disorders, not directly with DIC.

A. The P-R interval measures 0.22 seconds. B. The T wave is in the inverted position. C. The QRS duration is 0.20 seconds. D. The P wave falls before the QRS complex.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. The normal P-R interval ranges from 0.12 to 0.20 seconds. A P-R interval longer than 0.20 seconds is considered prolonged and may indicate a first-degree AV block.
B. The T wave represents ventricular repolarization. Normally, the T wave is upright in most leads. An inverted T wave can indicate various conditions, including ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, or other abnormalities
C. The normal QRS duration ranges from 0.06 to 0.10 seconds. A QRS duration greater than 0.10 seconds indicates a delay in ventricular conduction, which could be due to a bundle branch block or other conduction abnormalities.
D. In a normal sinus rhythm, the P wave should consistently appear before each QRS complex. This reflects proper atrial depolarization followed by ventricular depolarization. This pattern indicates that the heart's electrical impulses are originating from the sinus node and are being properly conducted through the AV node to the ventricles.

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A nurse is caring for a client. Exhibits For each client finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with Parkinson's disease, stroke, and/or multiple sclerosis. Each finding can support more than one disease process

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is monitoring a client who is on telemetry. Which of the following findings on the ECG strip should the nurse recognize as normal sinus rhythm?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with a ventricular pacemaker who is on ECG monitoring. The nurse understands that the pacemaker is functioning properly when which of the following appears on the monitor strip?

A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a client who has internal injuries from a car crash. The client is disoriented to time and place, diaphoretic, and his lips are cyanotic. The nurse should anticipate which of the findings as an indication of hypovolemic shock?

A nurse in an urgent care center is assessing a client who reports a sudden onset of irregular palpitations, fatigue, and dizziness. The nurse finds a rapid and irregular heart rate with a significant pulse deficit. Which of the following dysrhythmias should the nurse expect to find on the ECG?

A nurse is preparing to administer dabigatran to a client who has atrial fibrillation. The nurse should explain that the purpose of this medication is which of the following?

A nurse cares for a client who is experiencing status epilepticus. Which medication would the nurse prepare for administration?

A nurse is teaching the family of a client who is receiving treatment for a spinal cord injury with a halo fixation device. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

A nurse is caring for a client who has had a stroke. Exhibits Select the 3 findings that require immediate follow-up.

A nurse is providing care for a group of clients in the emergency department. Which of the following clients is at risk for developing neurogenic shock?

A nurse is caring for a client.

Exhibits

For each client finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with Parkinson's disease, stroke, and/or multiple sclerosis. Each finding can support more than one disease process