A nursing student asked the respiratory floor nurse why the adventitious wheezing breath sounds are present in asthmatic patients. The nurse should respond:

this is an abnormal breath sound due to bronchial airways being narrowed, bronchoconstriction

this is a normal breath sound due to normal gas exchanged

this is an abnormal breath sound due to bronchial airways being dilated, bronchodilation

this is a normal breath sound due to the alveoli being fluid-filled

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) This is an abnormal breath sound due to bronchial airways being narrowed, bronchoconstriction: Wheezing is an abnormal breath sound characterized by a high-pitched whistling noise produced during breathing. It occurs when the bronchial airways are narrowed due to bronchoconstriction, inflammation, or mucus, common in conditions like asthma. This narrowing of the airways creates turbulent airflow, leading to the wheezing sound.

B) This is a normal breath sound due to normal gas exchange: Wheezing is not a normal breath sound and is indicative of an obstruction or narrowing in the airways. Normal breath sounds, such as vesicular breath sounds, are smooth and do not include wheezing.

C) This is an abnormal breath sound due to bronchial airways being dilated, bronchodilation: Wheezing results from airway narrowing, not dilation. Bronchodilation, which is the widening of the airways, would typically reduce or resolve wheezing rather than cause it.

D) This is a normal breath sound due to the alveoli being fluid-filled: Wheezing is related to airway narrowing rather than fluid in the alveoli. Fluid in the alveoli would more commonly cause crackles or rales, not wheezing.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Hypoxia: Although the client's oxygen saturation is slightly decreased at 95% on room air, it is not critically low. Hypoxia could be a concern, but it is secondary to other more immediate issues, such as hypotension, that might be causing the low oxygen saturation.
B) Anemia: The client’s hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are low, indicating anemia. While anemia is a significant concern, it does not pose an immediate threat compared to hypotension, which can lead to more severe complications if not addressed promptly.
C) Hypotension: The client’s blood pressure is notably low at 82/58 mm Hg. Hypotension can lead to inadequate perfusion of vital organs and may be a result of or contribute to other issues such as sepsis or significant blood loss. Immediate attention to correcting hypotension is crucial to prevent further complications.
D) Pneumonia: The client presents with symptoms suggestive of pneumonia, including a productive cough, fever, and elevated white blood cell count. While pneumonia is a critical condition that requires treatment, addressing hypotension is a more urgent priority as it directly impacts the client's circulatory stability and overall well-being.

A. Background B. Person C. Situation D. Place E. Time

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A) Background: Orientation to "background" is not a standard component of the "AOX3" (alert and oriented times three) assessment. Typically, orientation assessments focus on more specific elements such as person, place, and time, rather than background information.
B) Person: Orientation to "person" means that the patient is aware of who they are. This is a key aspect of the AOX3 assessment, which checks whether the patient can identify themselves correctly.
C) Situation: While awareness of the situation or current circumstances is important, "situation" is not included in the standard AOX3 assessment. The usual components are person, place, and time.
D) Place: Orientation to "place" means the patient knows where they are. This is a critical component of the AOX3 assessment, indicating that the patient can identify their current location.
E) Time: Orientation to "time" means that the patient is aware of the current date, day of the week, and time of day. This is another essential part of the AOX3 assessment, reflecting the patient's awareness of the temporal context.

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A nursing student asked the respiratory floor nurse why the adventitious wheezing breath sounds are present in asthmatic patients. The nurse should respond:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse reads in the patient chart the doctor's day round note. The doctor writes AOX3, the nurse knows this means the patient is oriented to: Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

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