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A patient has a hip spica cast and will be discharged home to family. The nurse would include in the home education plan information relative to: (Select all that apply.)

using the spreader bar to turn the patient.

protecting the cast from soiling.

grasping the cast over the leg to help in turning.

easing itching under the cast by scratching with a bent coat hanger.

turning frequently to the prone position.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,E

A. Using the spreader bar to turn the patient.

The spreader bar is not designed for lifting or turning; it maintains cast shape and stability.

B. Protecting the cast from soiling.

Soiling the cast can lead to skin irritation and infection, especially in the perineal area.

C. Grasping the cast over the leg to help in turning.

This can cause pressure points or cast damage; turning should be done using proper support techniques.

D. Easing itching under the cast by scratching with a bent coat hanger.

This is unsafe and can cause skin injury or infection under the cast.

E. Turning frequently to the prone position.

Frequent position changes, including prone if tolerated, help prevent pressure sores and promote circulation.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Venous thrombosis.

Immobility increases the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) due to venous stasis in the lower extremities.

B. Pressure injury.

Prolonged immobility and pressure on bony prominences elevate the risk of skin breakdown and ulcers.

C. Foot drop.

Prolonged immobilization without proper foot support can cause plantar flexion contractures, known as foot drop.

D. Generalized edema.

While localized edema near the injury is expected, generalized edema is not typically associated with traction.

E. Constipation.

Decreased physical activity and possible pain medications (like opioids) contribute to constipation in immobilized patients.

A. Log rolling every 2 hr B. Passive range-of-motion exercises of the right leg C. Active range-of-motion exercises of the left leg D. Isometric exercises of both legs

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Log rolling every 2 hr

Log rolling is appropriate for spinal precautions, not necessary in Buck’s traction.

B. Passive range-of-motion exercises of the right leg

The leg in traction must remain immobilized; no ROM exercises on the affected leg.

C. Active range-of-motion exercises of the left leg

While this can help prevent deconditioning, it’s not as effective for overall mobility as isometric exercises.

D. Isometric exercises of both legs

Isometric exercises (e.g., quad or glute squeezes) promote circulation and prevent muscle atrophy in both limbs without disturbing traction.

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A patient has a hip spica cast and will be discharged home to family. The nurse would include in the home education plan information relative to: (Select all that apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 46-year-old male was injured in an industrial accident and has suffered a fractured left leg and left wrist. His wrist is treated with a cast and the leg is placed in skeletal traction. Because of immobilization of his leg, the patient is at risk for (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client whose right leg is in Buck's traction. Which of the following should the nurse implement to promote mobility?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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