A patient has been diagnosed with vaginal candidiasis. The nurse recognizes that this condition is usually the result of:

Poor personal hygiene.

Unprotected sex.

Using bath oils.

Long-term antimicrobial therapy.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Poor personal hygiene can contribute to infections but is not the primary cause of vaginal candidiasis. This condition is typically caused by an overgrowth of Candida albicans, which is not solely related to hygiene.

Choice B rationale

Unprotected sex is not a common cause of vaginal candidiasis. Candida albicans, the yeast responsible for this condition, is usually present in small amounts in the vagina and becomes problematic when it overgrows, which is not typically related to sexual activity.

Choice C rationale

Using bath oils may alter the vaginal flora but is not a primary cause of vaginal candidiasis. The condition results from an imbalance in the normal vaginal environment, often due to other factors such as antibiotics.

Choice D rationale

Long-term antimicrobial therapy is a common cause of vaginal candidiasis. Antibiotics can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina, allowing Candida to overgrow and cause infection.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Enterococcus is not part of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing group. ESBLs are enzymes found in some bacteria, primarily Gram-negative bacteria.

Choice B rationale

Escherichia coli is correct as it is a common organism that produces ESBLs, leading to resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, making infections difficult to treat.

Choice C rationale

Staphylococcus aureus is not typically associated with ESBL production. It is more commonly associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Choice D rationale

Clostridium difficile is not part of the ESBL-producing group. It is known for causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis but does not produce ESBL enzymes. .

A. Fecal-smelling breath. B. Severe abdominal distention. C. Weakness, weight loss, and anorexia. D. High-pitched tinkling bowel sounds. E. Intense thirst.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Fecal-smelling breath is a symptom of small intestine obstruction due to bacterial fermentation of trapped food, which produces a foul odor that can be detected on the breath.

Choice B rationale

Severe abdominal distention occurs in small intestine obstructions because of the accumulation of gas and fluids proximal to the obstruction site, leading to a noticeable increase in abdominal girth.

Choice C rationale

Weakness, weight loss, and anorexia are more characteristic of chronic gastrointestinal conditions rather than acute small intestine obstruction. These symptoms develop over a longer period and are not acute manifestations.

Choice D rationale

High-pitched tinkling bowel sounds are a typical finding in small intestine obstruction. They occur due to increased peristaltic activity proximal to the obstruction site as the intestines attempt to move the obstructed contents.

Choice E rationale

Intense thirst is not a primary manifestation of small intestine obstruction. While dehydration can occur, it is not specific to small intestine obstruction and can be a result of many other conditions.

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A patient has been diagnosed with vaginal candidiasis. The nurse recognizes that this condition is usually the result of:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An organism that is included in the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing pneumonia (ESBL) group is:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has an obstruction in the small intestine. Clinical manifestations that the nurse would expect include: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

An 84-year-old patient is hospitalized for an infected stasis ulcer on his ankle. The nurse is aware that this patient is at risk for a hospital-acquired infection (HAI) because the:

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The patient inquires about how his body will kill pathogens unassisted by antibiotics. The nurse responds that a process called phagocytosis will:

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