A patient has had chronic kidney disease (CKD) for many years. The patient sustains a hip fracture. The high risk of fractures is related to a(n)

inability of the kidneys to produce erythropoietin.

increased ability to absorb calcium from the foods that are eaten.

decreased ability of the kidneys to activate vitamin D.

decreased serum phosphate.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. While CKD does reduce erythropoietin production, this affects anemia rather than bone health or fracture risk.

B. CKD often leads to decreased calcium absorption due to impaired vitamin D activation, not an increased absorption. C. In CKD, the kidneys lose the ability to convert vitamin D to its active form, impairing calcium absorption from the intestine and weakening

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Prostate cancer is unlikely to cause burning on urination or costovertebral tenderness; it usually presents with urinary obstruction symptoms or systemic effects.

B. Ureteral lithiasis may cause burning on urination but is more typically associated with flank pain rather than constant costovertebral tenderness.

C. Primary syphilis does not typically present with urinary symptoms or costovertebral tenderness.

D. Pyelonephritis, an infection of the kidney, commonly presents with burning on urination, fever, and costovertebral angle tenderness, indicating inflammation and infection of the renal pelvis and kidneys.

A. benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). B. ovarian cancer. C. a kidney stone. D. a chlamydia infection.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Benign prostatic hypertrophy is a condition affecting the prostate in men, so it is not applicable in this case.

B. Ovarian cancer may cause pelvic pain, but the specific symptoms of abnormal discharge and acute pain suggest a more immediate infection rather than cancer.

C. A kidney stone typically presents with flank pain and may cause urinary symptoms, but it would not typically cause vaginal discharge.

D. A chlamydia infection can cause abnormal vaginal discharge and pelvic pain, and it is a common sexually transmitted infection presenting with these symptoms, consistent with the patient's history.

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A patient has had chronic kidney disease (CKD) for many years. The patient sustains a hip fracture. The high risk of fractures is related to a(n)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is examining a patient who reports burning on urination and a low-grade fever. On physical examination, the nurse notes constant right-sided costovertebral tenderness. Based on this presentation, what is most likely the cause of these signs and symptoms (S&S)?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A woman is evaluated by a nurse practitioner. She describes a two-day history of an abnormal vaginal discharge and constant pelvic-area pain. She also states "It hurts to move at all." The pain pattern and other S&S are consistent with

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

ABGs are drawn on a patient. The results are: pH = 7.30. PCO2 = 50, PO2 = 80. HCO3 = 25. What mechanism might cause this disturbance?

A patient presents with acute oliguria. Lab tests are done to pinpoint the cause. The nurse believes the patient has developed intra-renal acute kidney injury (AKI), based on which typical finding?

Which assessment finding alerts the nurse to the possibility of decreased cardiac output in the patient who suddenly develops atrial fibrillation?

A patient has been diagnosed with a thrombus in the popliteal vein. When asked what causes deep vein thrombosis (DVT), the nurse would include which factors in a response?

A nurse is listening to the lungs of a hospitalized post-surgical patient and notes diminished breath sounds in the right lower lobe. The patient has an elevated temperature and green sputum. These findings could indicate _____ because of _____.

A patient is admitted to the emergency department with left-sided chest trauma. Which statement best identifies why the formation of a tension pneumothorax can result in a life-threatening condition for this patient?

A woman presents to a clinic with JVD (jugular venous distension), liver congestion, ascites, and ankle edema. Upon auscultation of her heart, the RN notes a murmur. The etiologies that would best account for all aspects of this patient picture are