A woman presents to a clinic with JVD (jugular venous distension), liver congestion, ascites, and ankle edema. Upon auscultation of her heart, the RN notes a murmur. The etiologies that would best account for all aspects of this patient picture are
aortic atherosclerosis & mitral insufficiency.
aortic valve stenosis & left heart failure.
bronchogenic cancer & diaphoresis.
pulmonic valve stenosis & right heart failure.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Aortic atherosclerosis and mitral insufficiency could lead to some symptoms of congestion but would not fully explain jugular venous distension and liver congestion.
B. Aortic valve stenosis and left heart failure primarily affect left-sided heart function, which typically does not present with jugular venous distension or peripheral edema.
C. Bronchogenic cancer and diaphoresis do not explain the cardiovascular symptoms present in this case.
D. Pulmonic valve stenosis can lead to right heart failure, causing systemic venous congestion, which results in JVD, liver congestion, ascites, and ankle edema, thus accounting for all aspects of the patient's presentation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hypokalemia causes hyperpolarization, not hypopolarization, making it more difficult for cells to reach an action potential.
B. Hypokalemia does not stimulate the vagus nerve but can lead to arrhythmias.
C. While hypokalemia can cause arrhythmias, it usually leads to tachycardia or other irregular rhythms rather than a bradycardic rate of 40 beats per minute.
D. Low potassium levels can lead to tachycardia (e.g., a heart rate of 150 beats per minute) and other dangerous arrhythmias due to increased irritability of cardiac cells.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Aortic atherosclerosis and mitral insufficiency could lead to some symptoms of congestion but would not fully explain jugular venous distension and liver congestion.
B. Aortic valve stenosis and left heart failure primarily affect left-sided heart function, which typically does not present with jugular venous distension or peripheral edema.
C. Bronchogenic cancer and diaphoresis do not explain the cardiovascular symptoms present in this case.
D. Pulmonic valve stenosis can lead to right heart failure, causing systemic venous congestion, which results in JVD, liver congestion, ascites, and ankle edema, thus accounting for all aspects of the patient's presentation.
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