A patient is admitted to the emergency department in shock. Isoproterenol (Isuprel) is admitted. What would the nurse expect the effect of this drug would be?

Decreased blood pressure

Decreased heart rate

Increased body temperature

Increased blood pressure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Decreased blood pressure:
Isoproterenol (Isuprel) is a non-selective beta-adrenergic agonist that primarily stimulates beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. It causes vasodilation through beta-2 stimulation, but its predominant effect is increasing heart rate and cardiac output via beta-1 stimulation. This tends to result in an increase in blood pressure

B) Decreased heart rate:
Isoproterenol generally leads to an increase in heart rate because of its beta-1 adrenergic activity, which stimulates the heart's pacemaker cells. It is commonly used to treat bradycardia (slow heart rate).

C) Increased body temperature:
Although isoproterenol can lead to increased heart rate and blood flow, it does not directly cause a significant increase in body temperature. Temperature changes are more commonly seen with drugs affecting metabolism or those that induce fever.

D) Increased blood pressure:
Isoproterenol stimulates beta-1 receptors in the heart, leading to increased heart rate and cardiac output, which typically results in an increase in blood pressure. However, due to its beta-2 effects, there can be some vasodilation, which may counteract this effect slightly. Despite this, the overall effect of isoproterenol is typically an increase in blood pressure, especially in a shock setting, where improving circulation is critical.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Monoamine oxidase:
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an enzyme, not a neurotransmitter. It is responsible for breaking down certain neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, in the brain and other parts of the body. While it plays a crucial role in regulating neurotransmitter levels, it is not itself a neurotransmitter.

B) Cholinesterase:
Cholinesterase is also an enzyme, not a neurotransmitter. It breaks down acetylcholine (ACh) at synaptic junctions to terminate its action after it has transmitted a nerve impulse. This enzyme is important for the proper functioning of cholinergic synapses but does not function as a neurotransmitter.

C) Acetylcholine (ACh):
Acetylcholine (ACh) is a neurotransmitter. It is released by nerve cells at cholinergic synapses and plays a key role in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. ACh is involved in transmitting nerve impulses to muscles (muscle contraction) and is also important in cognitive functions like memory and learning in the brain.

D) Calcium:
Calcium is a vital ion involved in many cellular processes, including muscle contraction and neurotransmitter release. However, it is not a neurotransmitter. It plays a role in the function of neurotransmitters but does not act as one itself.

A. “Alzheimer disease affects memory but not personality.” B. “With proper treatment, symptoms of this disease can be arrested.” C. “The onset of Alzheimer disease is usually between 65 and 75 years.” D. “Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive condition.”

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) “Alzheimer disease affects memory but not personality.”
While memory loss is one of the hallmark symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease, the condition also significantly impacts other cognitive functions, including personality and behavior. As the disease progresses, patients often experience changes in mood, behavior, and personality, such as increased irritability, depression, or aggression.

B) “With proper treatment, symptoms of this disease can be arrested.”
Currently, there is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease, and while some treatments (like cholinesterase inhibitors) can help manage symptoms temporarily or slow their progression, the disease itself is not arrestable. The goal of treatment is to manage symptoms and improve quality of life, but it cannot stop the disease from advancing.

C) “The onset of Alzheimer disease is usually between 65 and 75 years.”
While Alzheimer’s disease typically affects older adults, this statement is too narrow. Alzheimer’s disease can begin earlier, sometimes in individuals in their 50s or 60s, particularly in cases of early-onset Alzheimer’s. The average age of onset for most people is around 65, but there is variability.

D) “Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive condition.”
Alzheimer’s disease is indeed chronic (lasting for years) and progressive (it worsens over time). It gradually destroys brain cells, leading to a decline in cognitive function, including memory, thinking, and reasoning skills. This is the fundamental nature of the disease

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A patient is admitted to the emergency department in shock. Isoproterenol (Isuprel) is admitted. What would the nurse expect the effect of this drug would be?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of these is a neurotransmitter?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is providing teaching for the family of a patient who has been newly diagnosed with Alzheimer disease (AD). Which statement by the family member indicates understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which of the following catecholamines may have a vasodilator effect on renal blood vessels and be prescribed for a client in shock who are experiencing renal insufficiency manifestations?

A patient is admitted to the emergency department in shock. Isoproterenol (Isuprel) is admitted. What would the nurse expect the effect of this drug would be?

An older patient exhibits a shuffling gait, lack of facial expression, and tremors at rest. The nurse will expect the provider to order which medication for this patient?

A 10 year old child is brought to a respiratory clinic and is prescribed Atrovent (Ipratropium Bromide). Prior to administering the medication, what would the nurse assess for?

When the nurse administers a drug that stimulates the nicotinic receptors, what manifestation would indicate that the drug is working?

Which of the following physiologic principles would be considered a function of the somatic nervous system?

The central nervous system (CNS) cells, where the impulses for the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) originate, are located where?

The nurse administers a drug to a patient whose heart rate is bradycardic aimed at increasing heart rate and myocardial activity. What adrenergic receptor is this drug stimulating?