Neuron that use Acetylcholine (ACh) as its neurotransmitter are what type of neuron?
GABA-ergic
Dopaminergic
Cholinergic
Serotonergic
The Correct Answer is C
A) GABA-ergic:
GABA-ergic neurons use gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as their neurotransmitter, not acetylcholine (ACh). GABA is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, playing a crucial role in reducing neuronal excitability.
B) Dopaminergic:
Dopaminergic neurons release dopamine as their neurotransmitter. Dopamine is involved in several critical functions, including movement, reward, and regulation of mood. Since acetylcholine is not involved in dopaminergic transmission, this is not the correct answer.
C) Cholinergic:
Cholinergic neurons use acetylcholine (ACh) as their neurotransmitter. These neurons are involved in many functions, including muscle activation (in the somatic nervous system), as well as modulating parasympathetic responses in the autonomic nervous system.
D) Serotonergic:
Serotonergic neurons release serotonin (5-HT), which is a neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, appetite, sleep, and other functions. Acetylcholine is not involved in serotonergic transmission
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin:
Depression has been strongly linked to deficiencies in certain neurotransmitters in the brain, specifically norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. These neurotransmitters play significant roles in regulating mood, emotions, and behavior. When their levels are low, individuals may experience symptoms of depression, such as sadness, low energy, anhedonia (inability to feel pleasure), and difficulty concentrating. Antidepressant medications often work by increasing the availability of these neurotransmitters in the brain.
B) Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, and Acetylcholine:
While norepinephrine plays a key role in depression, epinephrine and acetylcholine are not typically highlighted as the primary neurotransmitters involved in depression. Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) is more associated with the body’s stress response and fight-or-flight reaction. Acetylcholine is involved in memory and learning processes, but it is not the primary neurotransmitter related to depression.
C) Acetylcholine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and serotonin:
Acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are involved in many brain functions, but they are not the primary neurotransmitters linked to depression. While GABA may play a role in mood regulation, it is not typically associated with depression in the same way that serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine are. Serotonin is the exception in this answer
D) Gamma-aminobutyric acid, dopamine, and epinephrine:
Although dopamine is involved in depression, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and epinephrine are not the key neurotransmitters associated with the pathophysiology of depression. Epinephrine primarily affects the stress response, and while GABA does influence mood and anxiety, it is not the main neurotransmitter linked to depression itself.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Sweating: Sweating is a function of the sympathetic nervous system, not the parasympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which includes activating sweat glands. The parasympathetic system, in contrast, is more involved in "rest and digest" functions.
B) Pupil dilation: Pupil dilation (mydriasis) is mediated by the sympathetic nervous system through the activation of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. The parasympathetic system causes pupil constriction (miosis) by stimulating muscarinic receptors in the eye, which is the opposite of pupil dilation.
C) Vasoconstriction: Vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels) is generally a
function of the sympathetic nervous system, which releases norepinephrine to constrict blood vessels and increase blood pressure. The parasympathetic system typically causes vasodilation (widening of blood vessels) to promote relaxation and decreased blood pressure.
D) Anabolism: Anabolism refers to the metabolic processes that build up molecules and store energy, such as protein synthesis, cell growth, and energy storage. This is primarily mediated by the parasympathetic nervous system, which is involved in "rest and digest" functions. The parasympathetic system promotes activities that support energy conservation, digestion, and tissue repair, all of which support anabolic processes.
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