A patient is being assessed for range-of-joint movement. The nurse asks him to move his arm in toward the center of his body. What is this movement called?
Extension
Adduction
Flexion
Abduction
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Extension is straightening a joint, not moving toward the body’s midline. Adduction describes the arm moving inward, so this is incorrect for the described joint movement.
Choice B reason: Adduction is the movement of a limb toward the body’s midline, such as bringing the arm inward. This matches the nurse’s description, making it the correct term for the movement.
Choice C reason: Flexion is bending a joint, like elbow curling, not moving toward the midline. Adduction is specific to inward motion, so this is incorrect for the arm’s movement.
Choice D reason: Abduction is moving away from the midline, opposite to the described action. Adduction is the term for inward movement, so this is incorrect for the joint motion described.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: A complete physical exam is comprehensive but not specific to initial nutritional screening. Height and weight history provide BMI, a quick nutritional indicator, so this is not the first assessment.
Choice B reason: Height and weight history are critical for initial nutritional screening, enabling BMI calculation to assess undernutrition or obesity. This is a standard, quick method, making it the correct first step.
Choice C reason: Calorie counting is detailed and time-consuming, unsuitable for initial screening. Height and weight offer a rapid baseline for nutritional status, so this is incorrect for the first step.
Choice D reason: Leg circumference may assess muscle mass but is not standard for initial nutritional screening. Height and weight are primary for BMI, so this is incorrect for the initial assessment.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: The right 5th intercostal space at the sternal border is near the tricuspid valve, where murmurs from tricuspid regurgitation or stenosis are typically heard. Aortic valve stenosis murmurs, caused by turbulent flow through a narrowed aortic valve, are not prominent here, making this an incorrect assessment site.
Choice B reason: The right 2nd intercostal space at the sternal border is the aortic area, ideal for auscultating aortic valve stenosis murmurs. These murmurs are harsh, crescendo-decrescendo, and systolic, radiating to the carotid arteries due to turbulent blood flow through the stenosed aortic valve, making this the correct site.
Choice C reason: The left 5th intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line is the mitral valve area, where mitral regurgitation or stenosis murmurs are heard. Aortic valve stenosis murmurs originate from the aortic root and are not best detected here, rendering this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: The left 2nd intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line is near the pulmonic valve, where pulmonic stenosis murmurs are auscultated. Aortic valve stenosis murmurs are not prominent in this area, as they are specific to the aortic region, making this an incorrect choice.
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