Which statement concerning the areas of the brain is true?
The cerebellum is the center for speech and emotions
The hypothalamus controls body temperature and regulates sleep
Motor pathways of the spinal cord and brainstem synapse in the thalamus
The basal ganglia are responsible for controlling voluntary movements
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: The cerebellum coordinates motor activity and balance, not speech or emotions. Speech is primarily managed by the cerebral cortex (e.g., Broca’s area), and emotions involve the limbic system, making this statement incorrect.
Choice B reason: The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, sleep, hunger, and hormonal functions via its connections to the autonomic nervous system and pituitary gland. This makes it critical for homeostasis, and the statement is accurate, reflecting its physiological roles.
Choice C reason: Motor pathways from the cortex and brainstem do not primarily synapse in the thalamus. The thalamus relays sensory and some motor signals, but motor pathways mainly synapse in the spinal cord or brainstem, making this statement incorrect.
Choice D reason: The basal ganglia modulate voluntary movements but do not directly control them. The primary motor cortex initiates voluntary movements, while the basal ganglia refine them, so this statement is inaccurate due to its oversimplification.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Inspection is the primary technique to further assess a raw, inflamed throat, allowing visualization of color, swelling, or lesions. This non-invasive method is appropriate, making it the correct choice for throat assessment.
Choice B reason: Palpation is inappropriate for a raw throat, as it may cause pain or spread infection. Inspection visually evaluates inflammation, so this is incorrect for further assessment.
Choice C reason: Percussion is used for chest or abdomen, not throat assessment. Visual inspection is needed for inflamed throat tissue, so this is incorrect for the technique required.
Choice D reason: Auscultation is for sounds (e.g., lungs), not visual throat changes. Inspection allows direct observation of inflammation, so this is incorrect for assessing throat condition.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: The S2 sound is produced by the closure of aortic and pulmonic valves, not tricuspid and aortic. Tricuspid closure contributes to S1, so this is incorrect for the S2 heart sound.
Choice B reason: Mitral and tricuspid valve closure produce the S1 sound, not S2. Aortic and pulmonic valves close during diastole, creating S2, so this incorrect for the second heart sound.
Choice C reason: The S2 sound results from the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves at the end of systole, marking diastole’s start. This is the standard mechanism, making it the correct choice for S2.
Choice D reason: Pulmonic and mitral valves don’t close simultaneously; mitral closes for S1, pulmonic for S2. Aortic and pulmonic valves form S2, so this is incorrect for the heart sound.
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