Which is the most important step that the nurse can take to prevent the transmission of microorganisms in the hospital?
Wear gloves during any and all contact with patients.
Wash hands before and after contact with each patient.
Clean the stethoscope with an alcohol swab between patients.
Wear protective eyewear at all times.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Gloves reduce transmission but are not sufficient alone; improper use can spread microbes. Hand washing before and after patient contact is the most effective, universal method, so this is incorrect.
Choice B reason: Hand washing before and after patient contact is the most critical step to prevent microorganism transmission, as it removes pathogens from hands, the primary vector. This is the gold standard, making it correct.
Choice C reason: Cleaning the stethoscope is important but secondary to hand washing, which addresses the most common transmission route. Hands contact patients directly, so this is incorrect as the most important step.
Choice D reason: Protective eyewear prevents specific exposures but doesn’t address general microbial spread. Hand washing is the most effective, routine prevention method, so this is incorrect for the primary step.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Bruises on the elbow are common in active children due to play or minor falls. They are typically not concerning unless accompanied by other suspicious signs. Abdominal bruising, however, is less common and may indicate trauma or abuse, making this less concerning.
Choice B reason: Forehead bruises are frequent in toddlers learning to walk, often from bumping into objects. While concerning if severe, they are less alarming than abdominal bruising, which is less typical and may suggest internal injury or abuse, so this is not the most concerning.
Choice C reason: Abdominal bruising in a 3-year-old is highly concerning, as it is uncommon in normal play and may indicate significant trauma, abuse, or internal injury. This location raises red flags for non-accidental injury, requiring urgent investigation, making it the most concerning bruise.
Choice D reason: Lower leg bruises are common in active children from running or minor injuries. They are less concerning than abdominal bruising, which is atypical and may signal serious trauma or abuse, so this is not the most concerning finding in this context.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: There is no standard “grade 5” in tonsil size grading. The scale typically ranges from 0 to 4+, with 4+ indicating tonsils touching or overlapping, making this an incorrect and non-standard documentation term.
Choice B reason: Grade 3 tonsils are enlarged, occupying about 75% of the pharyngeal space, but not touching. The described tonsils are touching, which corresponds to a higher grade, making grade 3 incorrect for this finding.
Choice C reason: Grade 2+ tonsils are moderately enlarged, taking up about 50% of the pharyngeal space. The tonsils touching indicate a more severe enlargement, aligning with a higher grade, making this an incorrect documentation choice.
Choice D reason: Grade 4+ tonsils are severely enlarged, touching or overlapping in the midline, as described. This matches the standard tonsil grading scale, where 4+ indicates maximal swelling, making this the correct documentation.
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