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A patient’s blood pressure is 118/82 mm Hg. He asks the nurse, “What do the numbers mean?” What is the nurse’s best reply?

“The top number is the systolic blood pressure and reflects the pressure of the blood against the arteries when the heart contracts.”

“The bottom number is the diastolic pressure and reflects the stroke volume of the heart.”

“The concept of blood pressure is difficult to understand. The primary thing to be concerned about is the top number, or the systolic blood pressure.”

“The numbers are within normal range and are nothing to worry about.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: The systolic pressure (top number) measures arterial pressure during heart contraction, accurately explaining 118/82 mm Hg. This clear, correct definition educates the patient, making it the best reply.

Choice B reason: Diastolic pressure (bottom number) reflects arterial pressure at rest, not stroke volume. Systolic pressure is correctly defined as contraction pressure, so this is incorrect for explaining the numbers.

Choice C reason: Dismissing blood pressure as complex is unhelpful; both numbers matter. Systolic pressure is accurately defined as heart contraction pressure, so this is incorrect for patient education.

Choice D reason: Stating the numbers are normal (118/82 is prehypertension) avoids explaining their meaning. Defining systolic pressure clarifies the reading, so this is incorrect for answering the question.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Diet and weight provide partial insight into health but are incomplete. Diet is subjective and hard to quantify, and weight alone does not account for growth patterns or proportionality, making it less comprehensive than height and weight.

Choice B reason: Temperature and pulse reflect acute physiological status, not overall health. These vital signs can be normal despite chronic conditions or growth issues, making them inadequate as a primary index for a child’s general health status.

Choice C reason: Height and strength are not typically paired as a standard health index. Strength is subjective and difficult to measure consistently in children, while height alone misses weight-related nutritional status, making this less effective.

Choice D reason: Height and weight are key indicators of a child’s general health, reflecting growth, nutritional status, and development. These measurements, plotted on growth charts, allow comparison to age-specific norms, making them the best index for assessing overall health.

A. “It is where most infections occur in the breast tissue.” B. “It is the largest quadrant of the breast.” C. cc) “It is where most of the suspensory ligaments attach.” D. dd) “It is the location of most breast tumors.”

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Infections like mastitis are not specific to the upper outer quadrant; they can occur anywhere in the breast tissue. Most tumors occur in this area, so this is incorrect for the focus of breast examination.

Choice B reason: The upper outer quadrant is not necessarily the largest; breast size varies. It’s emphasized because it contains the highest concentration of breast tissue where tumors form tumors, so this is incorrect. for the reason.

Choice C reason: Suspensory ligaments ( ligaments) are distributed throughout the breast, not primarily in the upper quadrant. Tumor prevalence drives the focus on this area, so this is incorrect for the nurse’s response.

Choice D reason: The upper outer quadrant is where most common site for breast tumors due to greater glandular tissue density. This is the primary reason for thorough examination, making it the correct response for patient education.

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A patient’s blood pressure is 118/82 mm Hg. He asks the nurse, “What do the numbers mean?” What is the nurse’s best reply?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of these specific measurements is the best index of a child’s general health?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a patient to perform self-breast examination and tells the patient to pay particular attention to examining the upper outer quadrant of the breast. When asked why, “why,” how should the nurse respond to the patient?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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