A patient is concerned about receiving the varicella vaccine due to possible side effects. What should the nurse explain about the vaccine?
The varicella vaccine is not effective in preventing chickenpox.
Serious adverse events from the vaccine are common.
The vaccine has a high efficacy rate in preventing shingles.
The vaccine is not recommended for pregnant women.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
The varicella vaccine is not effective in preventing chickenpox. This statement is incorrect. The varicella vaccine is actually highly effective in preventing chickenpox. It contains a weakened form of the varicella-zoster virus, which stimulates the body's immune system to develop protection against the virus, reducing the risk of getting chickenpox.
Choice B rationale:
Serious adverse events from the vaccine are common. This statement is incorrect. Serious adverse events from the varicella vaccine are rare. Like all vaccines, there may be some mild side effects such as soreness at the injection site, fever, or a mild rash, but severe reactions are extremely uncommon.
Choice C rationale:
The vaccine has a high efficacy rate in preventing shingles. This statement is correct. The varicella vaccine not only helps prevent chickenpox but also reduces the risk of developing shingles later in life. Shingles is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, and the vaccine helps boost immunity to the virus, leading to a decreased likelihood of shingles.
Choice D rationale:
The vaccine is not recommended for pregnant women. This statement is generally correct. Pregnant women should avoid receiving the varicella vaccine because it is a live attenuated vaccine, and there is a theoretical risk of transmission to the fetus. If a woman is not immune to varicella and is planning to become pregnant, it's best to receive the vaccine before pregnancy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
(Correct) Excluding infected individuals from school or work until all lesions are crusted over is an important measure in preventing the spread of chickenpox. This helps to reduce the risk of transmission to others.
Choice B rationale:
(Correct) Practicing good hand hygiene is essential to prevent the spread of the varicella-zoster virus, which causes chickenpox and shingles. Regular handwashing helps reduce the likelihood of virus transmission through contact with contaminated surfaces or infected individuals.
Choice C rationale:
(Incorrect) Sharing personal items such as towels with infected individuals can increase the risk of spreading the virus. It is crucial for the nurse to discourage such practices during the community class.
Choice D rationale:
(Incorrect) While reporting cases of chickenpox or shingles to local health authorities is important for surveillance purposes, it is not a preventive measure for individual protection.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Stating that "chickenpox is not contagious once the fever is gone" is incorrect information. Chickenpox is still contagious until all the lesions are crusted over.
Choice B rationale:
The statement "You can spread the virus by scratching the lesions" is accurate. Scratching the chickenpox lesions can cause the fluid from the blisters to be released, and this fluid contains the varicella-zoster virus, which can then infect others.
Choice C rationale:
Stating that "chickenpox can only be transmitted through respiratory droplets" is incorrect. While respiratory droplets are a common mode of transmission, direct contact with the fluid from the lesions is also a significant mode of transmission.
Choice D rationale:
Saying that "the virus can survive on surfaces for up to 24 hours" is incorrect. The varicella-zoster virus is relatively fragile and cannot survive for extended periods on surfaces outside the body. It is primarily transmitted through direct contact or respiratory droplets.
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