A patient is HIV+ and wants to know how this will affect her pregnancy and baby. What should be included in the response to this patient? (Select all that apply).
“The baby might be born with a positive HIV test but this may convert to negative by 6 months of age.”
"Your baby will be treated with prophylactic medications after it is born.”
“To decrease the chances of your baby acquiring HIV you need to take your antiretrovirals as prescribed.”
“All HIV+ patients should not breast feed their infants,"
"You will be given antibiotics when you are in labor to help protect the baby."
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D
A. Newborns may initially test positive for HIV due to maternal antibodies but can seroconvert by 6 months.
B. Prophylactic medications reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission.
C. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy significantly decreases transmission risk.
D. Avoiding breastfeeding is recommended to prevent postnatal transmission.
E. Antibiotics are not typically used to prevent HIV transmission during labor.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While assessing blood pressure is important, the first priority is to address potential uterine atony, which is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage.
B. Bladder distention could be a contributing factor, but uterine massage is the first step to manage uterine tone and control bleeding.
C. Massaging the fundus is the first action to take when the patient is saturating a pad quickly after delivery, as this helps stimulate uterine contractions to control bleeding.
D. Preparing to administer oxytocic medication may be necessary if uterine massage does not effectively control bleeding, but it should come after assessing the uterus.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Refitting the diaphragm is recommended after significant weight change, not when changing partners.
B. Leaving the diaphragm in place for at least 6 hours after intercourse ensures effective contraception.
C. Lubricant is not placed inside the diaphragm but on the rim or used with spermicide.
D. Leaving the diaphragm in during menstruation increases the risk of toxic shock syndrome.
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