A patient is taking an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. The patient reports a constant, dry, hacking cough. The nurse would expect the provider to change the current treatment to which of the following medications?

Hydralazine

An antiplatelet medication

An angiotensin in receptor blocker (ARB)

Nitroglycerin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hydralazine is a vasodilator, but it does not have the same mechanism of action as ACE inhibitors or ARBs and would not be an appropriate substitute.

B. An antiplatelet medication is not appropriate for addressing a cough and is typically used for cardiovascular conditions like preventing blood clots.

C. ARBs, such as losartan, are a class of medications that work similarly to ACE inhibitors by blocking the effects of angiotensin II, but they do not cause the common side effect of a dry, hacking cough, which is seen with ACE inhibitors. This makes ARBs a good alternative for patients who experience this side effect.

D. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used in acute conditions like chest pain, not for managing hypertension or a cough related to ACE inhibitors.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Preventing injury is critical in PAD, as poor circulation makes it more difficult for the body to heal wounds. Injuries or cuts can lead to severe infections or ulcers, which may progress to amputation in severe cases.

B. Wearing tight compression stockings can worsen PAD by restricting blood flow. Loose-fitting stockings or compression socks may be beneficial, but tight stockings should be avoided.

C. Regular walking improves circulation in the legs and can help manage PAD. Resting when cramping occurs allows the muscles to receive blood flow again, reducing the risk of further damage.

D. Reducing intake of saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol is essential to prevent further progression of PAD, as these substances contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, leading to narrowing and reduced blood flow.

E. Applying ice to the legs can worsen symptoms of PAD, as it may further restrict blood flow. Heat therapy may be more appropriate for pain relief, but this should be done cautiously to avoid burns or worsening circulatory issues.

A. “Secondary hypertension only occurs in people over 65 years of age." B. "Primary hypertension does not cause the vascular and organ damage that occurs with secondary hypertension, C. “Secondary hypertension has a more gradual onset than primary hypertension." D. "Primary hypertension means there is not one single identifiable cause.”

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Secondary hypertension is not age-specific. It can occur at any age and is caused by identifiable factors, such as kidney disease, hormone imbalances, or medication use.

B. Primary hypertension can cause vascular and organ damage if left untreated, but secondary hypertension is also associated with organ damage due to the underlying condition. The difference lies in the cause, not the severity of damage.

C. Secondary hypertension often has a more abrupt onset due to the underlying condition, whereas primary hypertension develops more gradually over time.

D. Primary (or essential) hypertension is high blood pressure with no identifiable secondary cause. It is thought to result from a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The exact cause is unknown, making it "primary."

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A patient is taking an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. The patient reports a constant, dry, hacking cough. The nurse would expect the provider to change the current treatment to which of the following medications?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is planning to teach a client with peripheral arterial disease about measures to limit disease progression. Which items would the nurse include on a list of suggestions for the client? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

The patient diagnosed with primary hypertension asks why it is called primary and not secondary. What is the best explanation for the nurse to provide?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A patient is taking an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. The patient reports a constant, dry, hacking cough. The nurse would expect the provider to change the current treatment to which of the following medications?