The nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client receiving a continuous heparin infusion. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor?

AST and ALT

Prothrombin time (PT)

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

International normalized ratio (INR)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. AST and ALT are liver enzymes, primarily used to assess liver function, not directly related to monitoring heparin therapy.

B. Prothrombin time (PT) is used to monitor warfarin therapy, not heparin. Heparin therapy is typically monitored with aPTT, whereas warfarin is monitored with PT/INR.

C. Heparin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting clotting factors, and the aPTT is used to monitor its effectiveness. The aPTT measures the time it takes for blood to clot and helps ensure the heparin dose is therapeutic without causing excessive bleeding. The typical therapeutic range for aPTT on heparin therapy is 1.5 to 2.5 times the normal value.

D. INR is used to monitor warfarin therapy, not heparin. Heparin does not affect INR levels.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Preventing injury is critical in PAD, as poor circulation makes it more difficult for the body to heal wounds. Injuries or cuts can lead to severe infections or ulcers, which may progress to amputation in severe cases.

B. Wearing tight compression stockings can worsen PAD by restricting blood flow. Loose-fitting stockings or compression socks may be beneficial, but tight stockings should be avoided.

C. Regular walking improves circulation in the legs and can help manage PAD. Resting when cramping occurs allows the muscles to receive blood flow again, reducing the risk of further damage.

D. Reducing intake of saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol is essential to prevent further progression of PAD, as these substances contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, leading to narrowing and reduced blood flow.

E. Applying ice to the legs can worsen symptoms of PAD, as it may further restrict blood flow. Heat therapy may be more appropriate for pain relief, but this should be done cautiously to avoid burns or worsening circulatory issues.

A. Venous insufficiency B. Intermittent claudication C. Neuropathy D. Deep vein thrombosis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Venous insufficiency results in symptoms such as swelling, aching, or heaviness, especially in the lower legs, but does not typically cause pain with exertion that is relieved by rest.

B. Intermittent claudication refers to pain and cramping in the legs that occurs during physical activity (like walking) due to reduced blood flow, which is relieved by rest. This is a hallmark symptom of peripheral arterial disease (PAD).

C. Neuropathy refers to nerve damage, often seen in conditions like diabetes, and is usually characterized by tingling, numbness, or burning sensations, not cramping or pain relieved by rest.

D. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) presents with swelling, redness, warmth, and possible pain in the affected leg due to blood clot formation, not cramping with exertion.

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The nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client receiving a continuous heparin infusion. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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