A patient comes to the medical clinic with complaints of urgency, frequency, pain in the area of the symphysis pubis, and dark cloudy urine. What should the nurse suspect that this patient has?
Interstitial cystitis (although rare in a male patient)
Cystitis, probably from bacterial contamination
Urinary calculi, probably located in the ureter
Kidney infection, most likely pyelonephritis
The Correct Answer is B
A. Interstitial cystitis (although rare in a male patient): Interstitial cystitis is a chronic condition typically diagnosed after other causes, like infection, are ruled out.
B. Cystitis, probably from bacterial contamination: Symptoms such as urgency, frequency, suprapubic pain, and cloudy urine strongly suggest a urinary tract infection (UTI), specifically bacterial cystitis.
C. Urinary calculi, probably located in the ureter: While urinary calculi may cause similar symptoms, dark cloudy urine is more indicative of infection than stones.
D. Kidney infection, most likely pyelonephritis: Pyelonephritis typically presents with systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, and flank pain, which are not described here.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Check for edema of the legs and ankles: Edema is not a common complication of lithotripsy. Monitoring for stone fragments and urinary symptoms is more relevant.
B. Watch for stone debris in the urine in 1 to 4 weeks: Lithotripsy fragments stones, and the patient is expected to pass debris in the urine for several weeks post-procedure.
C. Remain on restricted activity for a week: Patients can usually resume normal activity shortly after lithotripsy unless otherwise instructed.
D. Decrease fluid intake to 1000 mL/day: Increased fluid intake is encouraged to help flush out stone fragments and reduce the risk of recurrence.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Increases the appetite: Aluminum hydroxide does not have an appetite-stimulating effect.
B. Corrects the pH of the bowel: Aluminum hydroxide does not directly alter bowel pH; it is used to bind phosphate.
C. Calms the frequent upset stomach experienced by patients on dialysis: Although aluminum hydroxide can reduce stomach acid, its primary use in this context is as a phosphate binder.
D. Binds with phosphorus to increase the serum calcium level: Aluminum hydroxide binds dietary phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing serum phosphorus levels. This helps manage the calcium-phosphorus balance, preventing complications like bone demineralization.
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