A patient presents with a blood pH of 7.29, bicarbonate (HCO2) level of 25 mmol/L, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) of 55 mmHg. Which cause is consistent with these lab values?
Excessive H+ ion loss due to severe vomiting
Hyperventilation secondary to a panic attack
Shallow and decreased breathing secondary to COPD
Increased renal HCO3 excretion due to kidney disease
The Correct Answer is C
A. Excessive H⁺ ion loss due to severe vomiting: Severe vomiting typically leads to metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis.
B. Hyperventilation secondary to a panic attack: Hyperventilation leads to respiratory alkalosis due to low PaCO2 levels.
C. Shallow and decreased breathing secondary to COPD: COPD can cause respiratory acidosis due to hypoventilation, leading to a high PaCO2 and a low pH.
D. Increased renal HCO3 excretion due to kidney disease: Increased renal excretion of bicarbonate would lead to metabolic acidosis, not respiratory acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Trichuris trichiura: This is the whipworm, which causes trichuriasis, not malaria.
B. Enterobius vermicularis: This is the pinworm, which causes enterobiasis, not malaria.
C. Plasmodium: This parasite, transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes, is responsible for malaria.
D. Entamoeba histolytica: This parasite causes amoebiasis, not malaria.
Correct Answer is ["B","C"]
Explanation
A. Cerebral aneurysm: This is a vascular issue, not a neurodegenerative disease.
B. Multiple sclerosis: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the central nervous system, causing progressive deterioration of nerve function.
C. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy.
D. Bell’s Palsy: This is a temporary condition affecting the facial nerve, not neurodegenerative.
E. Diabetic retinopathy: This affects the eyes due to diabetes but is not a neurodegenerative disorder.
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