Choice A rationale

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is an antibiotic used to treat or prevent bacterial infections. One of the key instructions for patients taking this medication is to increase fluid intake to 3 to

4 liters per 24 hours. This is because the medication can crystallize in the urine, which can lead to kidney stones or damage if the patient is not adequately hydrated.

Choice B rationale

Spending time in the sun does not improve the metabolism of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. In fact, the medication can make the skin more sensitive to the sun, increasing the risk of sunburn.

Choice C rationale

Taking Kaopectate daily to prevent diarrhea is not a standard instruction for patients taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Diarrhea can be a side effect of the medication, but it should be managed under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

Choice D rationale

There is no specific instruction to take trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole every morning at the same time as hydrochlorothiazide. The timing of medication administration should be determined by the healthcare provider based on the patient’s overall treatment plan.

Choice A rationale

While a past medical history of myocardial infarction does increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), it is not the highest risk factor among the options provided. Other factors such as immobility, surgery, and certain medical conditions can pose a higher risk.

Choice B rationale

Postoperative patients, such as those who have had a laparoscopic knee replacement, are at an increased risk for DVT due to periods of immobility and changes in blood flow and clotting.

However, the risk is not as high as in patients who have undergone major open abdominal surgery.

Choice C rationale

Patients who have undergone major open abdominal surgery are at the highest risk for the development of DVT among the options provided. The surgery itself, along with the postoperative period of immobility, significantly increases the risk of DVT34567.

Choice D rationale

While peptic ulcers can be associated with certain risk factors for DVT, such as age and immobility due to pain, they do not pose as high a risk as major open abdominal surgery.