A patient who has just been prescribed an incretin enhancer, asks the nurse how it works. The nurse informs the patient that these types of medications:

Increase insulin production by the pancreas

Increase insulin secretion from the pancreas

Decrease the amount of glucagon produced by the pancreas

Decrease the uptake of glucose by the body's cells

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Increase insulin production by the pancreas: This is incorrect because incretin enhancers don't increase the production of insulin itself but rather enhance the secretion of insulin in response to meals.
B. Increase insulin secretion from the pancreas: This is correct. Incretin enhancers (e.g., DPP-4 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists) work by amplifying the effect of incretins, which are hormones that increase insulin secretion in response to meals.
C. Decrease the amount of glucagon produced by the pancreas: This is partly true but not the primary mechanism. Incretins do reduce glucagon release, which helps lower blood glucose, but the main action is to increase insulin secretion.
D. Decrease the uptake of glucose by the body's cells: This is incorrect. Incretin enhancers do not work by decreasing glucose uptake by cells; rather, they enhance insulin secretion which in turn helps cells to uptake glucose.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Obtain a platelet count: Platelet count is not routinely required before antibiotics for a UTI.
B. Obtain a blood pressure: Blood pressure is not a priority for a UTI but might be checked for other reasons.
C. Obtain a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity: This is the most important step. Culturing the urine helps identify the specific bacteria causing the infection and determine the most effective antibiotic. Knowing the sensitivity profile helps select the antibiotic most likely to work against that particular bacteria.
D. Obtain a PTT: PTT (partial thromboplastin time) is not routinely required before antibiotics for a UTI.

Correct Answer is ["Glucagon"]

Explanation

The Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas produce two main hormones: insulin and glucagon. Insulin helps regulate blood sugar by lowering it, while glucagon acts conversely to raise blood sugar levels.

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A patient who has just been prescribed an incretin enhancer, asks the nurse how it works. The nurse informs the patient that these types of medications:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of urinary tract infection. The physician has ordered an antibiotic. What is the priority prior to administering this medication?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which hormone released by the Islets of Langerhans, acts to increase blood glucose?

Correct Answer is ["Glucagon"]

Explanation

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